Abstract:
:Obesity continues to be one of the major public health problems due to its high prevalence and co-morbidities. Common co-morbidities not only include cardiometabolic disorders but also mood and cognitive disorders. Obese subjects often show deficits in memory, learning and executive functions compared to normal weight subjects. Epidemiological studies also indicate that obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety, and vice versa. These associations between pathologies that presumably have different etiologies suggest shared pathological mechanisms. Gut microbiota is a mediating factor between the environmental pressures (e.g., diet, lifestyle) and host physiology, and its alteration could partly explain the cross-link between those pathologies. Westernized dietary patterns are known to be a major cause of the obesity epidemic, which also promotes a dysbiotic drift in the gut microbiota; this, in turn, seems to contribute to obesity-related complications. Experimental studies in animal models and, to a lesser extent, in humans suggest that the obesity-associated microbiota may contribute to the endocrine, neurochemical and inflammatory alterations underlying obesity and its comorbidities. These include dysregulation of the HPA-axis with overproduction of glucocorticoids, alterations in levels of neuroactive metabolites (e.g., neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids) and activation of a pro-inflammatory milieu that can cause neuro-inflammation. This review updates current knowledge about the role and mode of action of the gut microbiota in the cross-link between energy metabolism, mood and cognitive function.
journal_name
Front Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in neuroscienceauthors
Agustí A,García-Pardo MP,López-Almela I,Campillo I,Maes M,Romaní-Pérez M,Sanz Ydoi
10.3389/fnins.2018.00155subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-16 00:00:00pages
155eissn
1662-4548issn
1662-453Xjournal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The prevalence of depressive disorders is growing worldwide, notably due to stagnation in the development of drugs with greater antidepressant efficacy, the continuous large proportion of patients who do not respond to conventional antidepressants, and the increasing rate of chronic medical conditions associated with ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00499
更新日期:2018-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone (RIS), an atypical antipsychotic has been found to show anti-inflammatory effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. In vitro study has revealed that RIS inhibits the LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. We investigated the antioxidant effects of RIS on LPS-induced oxidat...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00384
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population worldwide. A growing body of epidemiological studies suggest that people with T2DM are at a higher risk of developing AD. Likewise, AD brains are less capable of glucose uptake from the surroun...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00383
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::After been exposed to the visual input, in the first year of life, the brain experiences subtle but massive changes apparently crucial for communicative/emotional and social human development. Its lack could be the explanation of the very high prevalence of autism in children with total congenital blindness. The prese...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.01029
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, new neurons in the adult olfactory bulb originate from a pool of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Adult-born cells play an important role in odor information processing by adjusting the neuronal network to changing environmental conditions. Olfactory bulb neurogenesis...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00149
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have identified the Drosophila brain circuits involved in the sleep/wake switch and have pointed to the modulation of neuronal excitability as one of the underlying mechanisms triggering sleep need. In this study we aimed to explore the link between the homeostatic regulation of neuronal excitability an...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00319
更新日期:2020-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Aggressive behavior is associated with dysfunctional frontolimbic emotion regulation circuits. Recent findings suggest serotonin as a primary transmitter for prefrontal amygdala control. However, the association between serotonin levels, amygdala regulation, and aggression is still a matter of debate. Neurobehavioral ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00042
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a form of long-lasting neuropathic pain that can severely affect patients' quality of life. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) has been proven to be effective in treating PHN, but the optimal radiofrequency parameters are still not well defined. This retrospective study aimed to comp...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.579486
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a complex disorder about which much is still unknown. Potential treatments, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have not been exploited, in part because of the variability in behavioral response. This can be overcome with the use of response biomarkers. It has been however shown that repe...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.575538
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::The ternary complex factor (TCF) Elk-1 is a transcription factor that regulates immediate early gene (IEG) expression via the serum response element (SRE) DNA consensus site. Elk-1 is associated with a dimer of serum response factor (SRF) at the SRE site, and its phosphorylation occurs at specific residues in response...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00035
更新日期:2011-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway comprises eleven cytosolic enzymes interacting to metabolize glucose to lactic acid [CH3CH(OH)COOH]. Glycolysis is largely considered as the conversion of glucose to pyruvate (CH3COCOO-). We consider glycolysis to be a cellular process and as such, transporters mediating glucos...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00404
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neurogenesis, the process of generating new neurons in the brain, fascinates researchers for its promise to affect multiple cognitive and functional processes in both health and disease. Many cellular pathways are involved in the regulation of neurogenesis, a complexity exemplified by the extensive regulation of this ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00272
更新日期:2014-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::The neural generators of the frequency-following response (FFR), a neural response widely used to study the human auditory system, remain unclear. There is evidence that the balance between cortical and subcortical contributions to the FFR varies with stimulus frequency. In this study, we tried to clarify whether this...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00130
更新日期:2019-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally, the visual motion area (MT) is considered as a brain region specialized for visual motion perception. However, accumulating evidence showed that MT is also related to various functions, suggesting that it is a complex functional area and different functional subregions might exist in this area. To delin...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00427
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Learning a new language requires the use of extensive neural networks and can represent a powerful tool to reorganize brain neuroplasticity. In this study, we analyze how a 4 months long second language learning program (16, 2 h sessions) can lead to functional changes in the brain of healthy elderly individuals. A la...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00423
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Asiatic acid (AA), a pentacyclic triterpene derived from the tropical medicinal plant Centella asiatica, has been widely used as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Evidence regarding the neuroprotective properties of AA is emerging. However, the protective effects of AA and its mechanism in glaucoma are poorl...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00489
更新日期:2018-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cortical modulation is likely to be involved in the various therapeutic effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, it is currently difficult to predict the changes of cortical modulation during clinical adjustment of DBS. Therefore, we present a novel quantitative approach to estimate anatomical regio...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00028
更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Several works have demonstrated that visual experience plays a critical role in the development of allocentric spatial coding. Indeed, while children with a typical development start to code space by relying on allocentric landmarks from the first year of life, blind children remain anchored to an egocentric perspecti...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00565
更新日期:2020-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Hemispheric asymmetry of hippocampal volume is a common finding that has biological relevance, including associations with dementia and cognitive performance. However, a recent study has reported the possibility of systematic error in measurements of hippocampal asymmetry by magnetic resonance volumetry. We manually t...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00179
更新日期:2012-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Administration of the immunotoxin 192IgG-saporin to rats, an animal model of AD, leads to degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the medial septal area. In the present study, cholinergic cell death was induced by in...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00146
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical communication via sex pheromones is critical for successful reproduction but the underlying neural mechanisms are not well-understood. The goldfish is a tractable model because sex pheromones have been well-characterized in this species. We used male goldfish forebrain explants in vitro and performed whole-ce...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00185
更新日期:2014-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) seek to connect brains with machines or computers directly, for application in areas such as prosthesis control. For this application, the accuracy of the decoding of movement intentions is crucial. We aim to improve accuracy by designing a better encoding model of primary motor cortica...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00587
更新日期:2016-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::A lack of sleep is linked with a range of inner ear diseases, including hearing loss and tinnitus. Here, we used a mouse model to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on noise vulnerability, and explored the mechanisms that might be involved in vitro, focusing particularly corticosterone levels and autoph...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01297
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Decades of research dedicated toward Alzheimer's disease (AD) has culminated in much of the current understanding of the neurodegeneration associated with disease. However, delineating the pathophysiology and finding a possible cure for the disease is still wanting. This is in part due to the lack of knowledge pertain...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00215
更新日期:2015-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Possible risks stemming from the employment of novel, micrometer-thin printed electrodes for direct current neural stimulation are discussed. To assess those risks, electrochemical methods are used, including cyclic voltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Experiments were cond...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.594235
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::To ensure survival, animals must update the internal representations of their environment in a trial-and-error fashion. Psychological studies of associative learning and neurophysiological analyses of dopaminergic neurons have suggested that this updating process involves the temporal-difference (TD) method in the bas...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00476
更新日期:2016-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The dentate gyrus (DG) is a region in the mammalian brain critical for memory encoding with a neuronal architecture and function that deviates considerably from other cortical areas. One of the major differences of the DG compared to other brain regions is the finding that the dentate gyrus generates new principal neu...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00050
更新日期:2013-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The digital neuromorphic hardware SpiNNaker has been developed with the aim of enabling large-scale neural network simulations in real time and with low power consumption. Real-time performance is achieved with 1 ms integration time steps, and thus applies to neural networks for which faster time scales of the dynamic...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00291
更新日期:2018-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been debated whether visual processing is, at least partially, a discrete process. Although vision appears to be a continuous stream of sensory information, sophisticated experiments reveal periodic modulations of perception and behavior. Previous work has demonstrated that the phase of endogenous neural o...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00232
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic field inhomogeneities cause geometric distortions of echo planar images used for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). To reduce this problem, distortion correction (DC) with field map is widely used for both task and resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI). Although DC with field map has been reported to improv...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00656
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00