Abstract:
:Preclinical and early human clinical studies of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to prevent and treat HIV infection support the clinical utility and potential of bNAbs for prevention, postexposure prophylaxis, and treatment of acute and chronic infection. Observed and potential limitations of bNAbs from these recent studies include the selection of resistant viral populations, immunogenicity resulting in the development of antidrug (Ab) responses, and the potentially toxic elimination of reservoir cells in regeneration-limited tissues. Here, we review opportunities to improve the clinical utility of HIV Abs to address these challenges and further accomplish functional targets for anti-HIV Ab therapy at various stages of exposure/infection. Before exposure, bNAbs' ability to serve as prophylaxis by neutralization may be improved by increasing serum half-life to necessitate less frequent administration, delivering genes for durable in vivo expression, and targeting bNAbs to sites of exposure. After exposure and/or in the setting of acute infection, bNAb use to prevent/reduce viral reservoir establishment and spread may be enhanced by increasing the potency with which autologous adaptive immune responses are stimulated, clearing acutely infected cells, and preventing cell-cell transmission of virus. In the setting of chronic infection, bNAbs may better mediate viral remission or "cure" in combination with antiretroviral therapy and/or latency reversing agents, by targeting additional markers of tissue reservoirs or infected cell types, or by serving as targeting moieties in engineered cell therapy. While the clinical use of HIV Abs has never been closer, remaining studies to precisely define, model, and understand the complex roles and dynamics of HIV Abs and viral evolution in the context of the human immune system and anatomical compartmentalization will be critical to both optimize their clinical use in combination with existing agents and define further strategies with which to enhance their clinical safety and efficacy.
journal_name
Front Immunoljournal_title
Frontiers in immunologyauthors
Hua CK,Ackerman MEdoi
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01655subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-28 00:00:00pages
1655issn
1664-3224journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In order to recognize and combat a diverse array of pathogens the immune system has a large repertoire of T cells having unique T cell receptors (TCRs) with only a few clones specific for any given antigen. We discuss how the number of different possible TCRs encoded in the genome (the potential repertoire) and the nu...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00485
更新日期:2013-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Studying the evolutionary diversification of mammalian antiviral defenses is of main importance to better understand our innate immune repertoire. The small HERC proteins are part of a multigene family, including HERC5 and HERC6, which have probably diversified through complex evolutionary history in mammals. Here, we...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.605270
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer (NK) cells are the major innate effectors primed to eliminate virus-infected and tumor or neoplastic cells. Recent studies also suggest nuances in phenotypic and functional characteristics among NK cell subsets may further permit execution of regulatory and adaptive roles. Animal models, particularly no...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01124
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Protein 4.1R, a member of the 4.1 family, functions as a bridge between cytoskeletal and plasma membrane proteins. It is expressed in T cells, where it binds to a linker for activation of T cell (LAT) family member 1 and inhibits its phosphorylation and downstream signaling events after T cell receptor triggering. The...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.03068
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::B-1 cells constitute a unique subpopulation of lymphocytes residing mainly in body cavities like the peritoneal cavity (PerC) but are also found in spleen and bone marrow (BM). As innate-like B cells, they mediate first line immune defense through low-affinity natural IgM (nIgM) antibodies. PerC B-1 cells can egress t...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00258
更新日期:2018-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::As cutaneous melanoma (CM) currently remains with a bleak prognosis, thorough investigation of new treatment options are of utmost relevance. In the phase II/III randomized clinical trial (CASVAC-0401), the repeated immunization of stages IIB-III CM patients with the irradiated, allogeneic cellular CSF-470 vaccine plu...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02531
更新日期:2018-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::T lymphocytes first carried foreign genes safely into humans over two decades ago. Since these pioneering studies, scientific techniques to better understand the genomic landscape of cells has directly led to a more sophisticated appreciation of the diversity, functional complexity, and therapeutic potential of T cell...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00304
更新日期:2013-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, the chemokine receptor XCR1 has been found to be exclusively expressed on a subset of dendritic cell (DC) known to be involved in antigen cross-presentation. This review aims to summarize the known biology of the XCR1 receptor and its chemokine ligand XCL1, both in the mouse and the human. Further, any invol...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00014
更新日期:2012-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are innate-like T cells that express an invariant T cell receptor (TCR) α-chain and recognize self and foreign glycolipid antigens. They can rapidly respond to agonist activation and stimulate an extensive array of immune responses. Thymic development and functio...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02653
更新日期:2018-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DCs) control innate and adaptive immunity by patrolling tissues to gather antigens and danger signals derived from microbes and tissue. Subsequently, DCs integrate those environmental cues, orchestrate immunity or tolerance, and regulate tissue homeostasis. Recent advances in the field of immunometabo...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00775
更新日期:2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Since the discovery of the first virus-like particle (VLP) derived from hepatitis B virus in 1980 (1), the field has expanded substantially. Besides successful use of VLPs as safe autologous virus-targeting vaccines, the powerful immunogenicity of VLPs has been also harnessed to generate immune response against hetero...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00226
更新日期:2017-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokines are known to shape the tumor microenvironment and although progress has been made in understanding their role in carcinogenesis, much remains to learn regarding their role in tumor growth and progression. We have identified granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as one such cytokine, showing that G-CS...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01885
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a clinically and genetically well-defined immunodeficiency and the most common form of agammaglobulinemia. It is characterized by susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections, profound hypogammaglobulinemia, and few or no circulating B cells. XLA is caused by mutations in the B...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00046
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::This study develops an original co-infection model in mice using Brucella melitensis, the most frequent cause of human brucellosis, and Trypanosoma brucei, the agent of African trypanosomiasis. Although the immunosuppressive effects of T. brucei in natural hosts and mice models are well established, we observed that t...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00903
更新日期:2017-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer immunotherapy is currently the hottest topic in the oncology field, owing predominantly to the discovery of immune checkpoint blockers. These promising antibodies and their attractive combinatorial features have initiated the revival of other effective immunotherapies, such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccinations. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00663
更新日期:2016-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxic chemotherapeutics (CCTs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Although their mechanisms of action have been best understood in terms of targeting the apparatus of mitosis, an ability to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses is increasing the recognition of these agents as immunotherapies. Immune check...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01654
更新日期:2019-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammation in utero may result in lifelong neurological disabilities. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in this process, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. No early postnatal treatment strategies exist to enhance neuroprotective potential of astrocytes. We hypothesized that agonism on α7 nicotinic acetylcho...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01063
更新日期:2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::B-cell expansion with NF-κB and T-cell anergy (BENTA) disease is a B-cell-specific lymphoproliferative disorder caused by germline gain-of-function mutations in CARD11. These mutations force the CARD11 scaffold into an open conformation capable of stimulating constitutive NF-κB activation in lymphocytes, without requi...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00198
更新日期:2018-02-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.583550
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-22 are key members of the IL-10 cytokine family that share characteristic properties such as defined structural features, usage of IL-10R2 as one receptor chain, and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 as dominant signaling mode. IL-10, formerly known as c...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00018
更新日期:2013-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Specific antibody deficiency (SAD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by normal immunoglobulins (Igs), IgA, IgM, total IgG, and IgG subclass levels, but with recurrent infection and diminished antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens following vaccination. There is a lack of consensus regarding t...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00586
更新日期:2017-05-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01484
更新日期:2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of intracellular checkpoint inhibitors has received little recognition compared to other checkpoint inhibitors. Two members of this family, SOCS1 and SOCS3, are indispensable, since SOCS1 knockout in mice results in neonatal death due to interferon gamma (IFNγ) induce...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.582102
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Type I interferon is widely used for antiviral therapy, yet has yielded disappointing results toward chronic HBV infection. Here we identify that PEG-IFNα-2b therapy toward persistent infection in humans is a double-edged sword of both immunostimulation and immunomodulation. Our studies of this randomised trial showed...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.591269
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Infections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurs repeatedly throughout life because sustained, protective memory responses fail to develop. Why this occurs is not known. During RSV infection the recognition of the virus via the cytosolic RIG-I like receptors and signaling via the adaptor protein MAVS is crucia...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.572747
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-infected individuals with apparently similar clinical and immunological characteristics can vary in responsiveness to vaccinations. However, molecular mechanisms responsible for such impairment, as well as biomarkers able to predict vaccine responsiveness in HIV-infe...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01083
更新日期:2017-09-11 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00321
更新日期:2015-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Volcanic ash is a heterogeneous mineral dust that is typically composed of a mixture of amorphous (glass) and crystalline (mineral) fragments. It commonly contains an abundance of the crystalline silica (SiO2) polymorph cristobalite. Inhalation of crystalline silica can induce inflammation by stimulating the NLRP3 inf...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.02000
更新日期:2018-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01135.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01755
更新日期:2019-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The limited efficacy of seasonal influenza vaccines is usually attributed to ongoing variation in the major antigenic targets for protective antibody responses including hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Hence, vaccine development has largely focused on broadening antigenic epitopes to generate cross-reactive...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01207
更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00