Abstract:
:Animals store metabolic energy as electrochemical gradients. At least 50% of mammalian energy is expended to maintain electrochemical gradients across the inner mitochondrial membrane (H+), the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Ca++), and the plasma membrane (Na+/K+). The potential energy of these gradients can be used to perform work (e.g., transport molecules, stimulate contraction, and release hormones) or can be released as heat. Because ectothermic species adapt their body temperature to the environment, they are not constrained by energetic demands that are required to maintain a constant body temperature. In fact, ectothermic species expend seven to eight times less energy than similarly sized homeotherms. Accordingly, ectotherms adopt low metabolic rates to survive cold, hypoxia, and extreme bouts of fasting that would result in energy wasting, lactic acidosis and apoptosis, or starvation in homeotherms, respectively. Ectotherms have also evolved unique applications of ion gradients to allow for localized endothermy. Endothermic avian species, which lack brown adipose tissue, have been integral in assessing the role of H+ and Ca++ cycling in skeletal muscle thermogenesis. Accordingly, the diversity of non-mammalian vertebrate species allows them to serve as unique models to better understand the role of ion gradients in heat production, metabolic flux, and adaptation to stressors, including obesity, starvation, cold, and hypoxia.
journal_name
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)journal_title
Frontiers in endocrinologyauthors
Geisler CE,Kentch KP,Renquist BJdoi
10.3389/fendo.2017.00224subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
224issn
1664-2392journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a major regulator of spermatogenesis, has a crucial function in the development and function of the testis and it is extensively given as a fertility treatment to stimulate spermatogenesis. We analyzed the effects of different FSH preparations (α-follitropin, β-follitropin, and urof...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00401
更新日期:2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, the increasing prevalence of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders constitutes one of the most concerning healthcare issues for countries worldwide. In an effort to curb the increased mortality and morbidity derived from the obesity epidemic, various therapeutic strategies have been deve...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00095
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 26 in vol. 9, PMID: 29487564.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00301
更新日期:2018-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::We are witnessing a rapid worldwide increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the last thirty years. Extensive implementation of cancer screening and wide availability of neck ultrasound or other imaging studies is the main reason responsible for this phenomenon. It resulted in a detection of a...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.571421
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Background: In the past decade, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been proven to have similar accuracy to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and yet provides better therapy optimization and detects trends in glucose values due to higher frequency of testing. Even though the feasibility and utility of CGM ha...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00697
更新日期:2019-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) was first identified in the Japanese quail as a hypothalamic neuropeptide inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion. Subsequent studies have shown that GnIH is present in the brains of birds including songbirds, and mammals including humans. The identified avian and mammalian GnIH pept...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2012.00148
更新日期:2012-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies discussed the benefit of bariatric surgery on obese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several factors play an essential role in predicting the impact of bariatric surgery on T2DM, such as ABCD score (age, BMI, C-peptide, and duration of the disease), HbA1c, and fasting blood gluco...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00037
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Carney complex (CNC) is a rare multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance. Affected individuals present with mucocutaneous lentigines/blue nevi, cardiac and noncardiac myxomatous tumors, and multiple endocrine tumors. Mutations in PRKAR1A have been identified as genetic cause...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00296
更新日期:2020-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility and is characterized by clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Previous studies showed that the same mutation (c.-14C> T) of the IFITM5 gene is responsible for autosomal dominant OI type V. However, the mutation has a ...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00375
更新日期:2019-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::At least 57 independent loci within the human genome confer varying degrees of risk for the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The majority of these variants are thought to contribute to overall genetic risk by modulating host innate and adaptive immune responses, ultimately resulting in a loss of immunological tol...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00276
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00025.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00239
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::The G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) is a novel membrane-bound receptor that mediates non-genomic actions of the primary female sex hormone 17β-estradiol. Studies over the past two decades have elucidated the beneficial actions of this receptor in a number of cardiometabolic diseases. This review will focus ...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00919
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Progression and severity of type 1 diabetes is dependent upon inflammatory induction of nitric oxide production and consequent pancreatic β-cell damage. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are highly effective anti-inflammatory agents but have been precluded in type 1 diabetes and in islet transplantation protocols because they exa...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00165
更新日期:2014-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) functions as a regulator of initiation, progression, and metastasis of thyroid carcinomas. lncRNA OTUD6B antisense RNA 1 (OTUD6B-AS1) is a tumor-suppressive noncoding RNA in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The role of OTUD6B-AS1 in thyroid carcinomas has not been reported y...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00136
更新日期:2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Vertebrate eyes are known to contain circadian clocks, but their regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. To address this, we used a cell line from human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE-YC) with stable coexpression of reporters for molecular clock oscillations (Bmal1-luciferase) and intracellular Ca2+ concentrat...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00108
更新日期:2018-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Co-heritability of hypertension and insulin resistance (IR) within families not only implies genetic susceptibility may be responsible for these complex traits but also suggests a rational that biological candidate genes for hypertension may serve as markers for features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus we deter...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00172
更新日期:2013-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Consistent evidence have demonstrated that patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) have higher risk of cardiovascular events to patients with essential hypertension (EH). Whether the long-term risk of mortality for PA patients is higher than EH patients is unclear. We aim to compare the long-term mortalit...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00121
更新日期:2020-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormones are crucial in normal brain development. Transient and mild thyroid hormone insufficiency in pregnancy is also associated with impaired neurodevelopment in the offspring (e.g., 3-4 IQ score loss in association with maternal free thyroxine in the lowest fifth percentile). While inadequate iodine intake...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00204
更新日期:2018-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Osteocytes are the most abundant (~95%) cells in bone with the longest half-life (~25 years) in humans. In the past osteocytes have been regarded as vestigial cells in bone, since they are buried inside the tough bone matrix. However, during the last 30 years it has become clear that osteocytes are as important as bon...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00405
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a complex global healthcare issue. Concerted research and clinical efforts have improved our knowledge of the neurodevelopmental sequelae of IUGR which has raised the profile of this complex problem. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of therapies to prevent the substantial r...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00188
更新日期:2019-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) is consistently associated with a history of cryptorchidism (CO) in epidemiologic studies. Factors modifying the association may provide insights regarding etiology of TGCT and suggest a basis for individualized care of CO. To identify modifiers of the CO-TGCT ass...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2012.00182
更新日期:2013-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of growth hormone therapy (rGH) on mitochondrial function on peripheral muscle and to correlate with exercise capacity in subjects with severe adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Design:Six months, double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled tria...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00056
更新日期:2018-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::GPER-1 is a novel membrane sited G protein-coupled estrogen receptor. Clinical studies have shown that patients suffering an estrogen receptor α (ERα)/GPER-1 positive, breast cancer have a lower survival rate than those who have developed ERα-positive/GPER-1 negative tumors. Moreover, absence of GPER-1 improves the pr...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.563165
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is highly associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody. However, GAD antibodies alone appear to be insufficient to cause SPS, and they possibly are involved in only part of its pathophysiology. It is suspected that the symptoms of SPS get precipitated by external stimuli....
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00594
更新日期:2020-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::After decades of primarily morphological study, positional cloning of the NPHS1 gene was the landmark event that established aberrant podocyte genetics as a pivotal cause of malfunction of the glomerular filter. This ended any uncertainty whether genetic mutation plays a significant role in hereditary nephrotic syndro...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00226
更新日期:2015-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Although pre-treatment with a GnRH agonist can reduce the size of adenomyosis lesions, the supra-physiological hormone level induced by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) may negate the usefulness of the GnRH agonist in patients with adenomyosis lesions, leading to continued poor outcomes in fresh...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00318
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Dysnatremia is associated with increased mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. SARS-COV2 (Severe-acute-respiratory syndrome caused by Coronavirus-type 2) pneumonia can be fatal. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether admittance dysnatremia is associated with mortality, sepsis, or intensive t...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.599255
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Monitoring blood levels of human growth hormone (hGH) in most children with short stature deficiencies is crucial for taking a decision of treatment with extended course of daily and expensive doses of recombinant hGH (rhGH or Somatropin®). Besides, misusing of rhGH by sportsmen is banned by the World Anti-D...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00115
更新日期:2017-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes prevalence is increasing dramatically worldwide. Metabolic surgery is the most effective treatment for selected patients with diabetes and/or obesity. When compared to intensive medical therapy and lifestyle intervention, metabolic surgery has shown superiority in achieving glycemic improvement, reduci...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00641
更新日期:2019-09-19 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Both vitamin D and K2 are involved in a number of metabolic processes, including bone metabolism; however, associations between the vitamins are not fully understood. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in adult patients receiving long-term acenocoumarol ...
journal_title:Frontiers in endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00226
更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00