How do you design randomised trials for smaller populations? A framework.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) risk score is the only currently available midlife risk score for dementia. We compared CAIDE to Framingham cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) and FINDRISC diabetes score as predictors of dementia and assessed the role of age in their associa...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Fayosse A,Nguyen DP,Dugravot A,Dumurgier J,Tabak AG,Kivimäki M,Sabia S,Singh-Manoux A

更新日期：2020-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The nature of symptoms in the prodromal period of first episode psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. The objective was to determine the patterns of symptoms recorded in primary care in the 5 years before FEP diagnosis. METHODS:The study was set within 568 practices contributing to a UK primary care health recor...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Chen Y,Farooq S,Edwards J,Chew-Graham CA,Shiers D,Frisher M,Hayward R,Sumathipala A,Jordan KP

更新日期：2019-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are a specialized group of E. coli that can cause severe colonic disease and renal failure. Their pathogenicity derives from virulence factors that enable the bacteria to colonize the colon and deliver extremely powerful toxins known as verotoxins (VT) or Shiga toxins (Stx) to the...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Goldwater PN,Bettelheim KA

更新日期：2012-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy and pregnancy loss may be linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the evidence is still inconsistent, especially in East Asians, whose reproductive patterns differ importantly from those in the West. We examined the associations of pregnancy, miscarriage, induced abortion, and stillbirth w...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Peters SAE,Yang L,Guo Y,Chen Y,Bian Z,Tian X,Chang L,Zhang S,Liu J,Wang T,Chen J,Li L,Woodward M,Chen Z,China Kadoorie Biobank collaboration group.

更新日期：2017-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Interventions to alleviate stigma are demonstrating effectiveness across a range of conditions, though few move beyond the pilot phase, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Implementation science offers tools to study complex interventions, understand barriers to implementation, and genera...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Kemp CG,Jarrett BA,Kwon CS,Song L,Jetté N,Sapag JC,Bass J,Murray L,Rao D,Baral S

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most UK medical schools use aptitude tests during student selection, but large-scale studies of predictive validity are rare. This study assesses the United Kingdom Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT), and its four sub-scales, along with measures of educational attainment, individual and contextual socio-economic...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： McManus IC,Dewberry C,Nicholson S,Dowell JS

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although nut consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, data on less common causes of death has not been systematically assessed. Previous reviews missed several studies and additional studies have since been published. We therefore conducted a syst...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Aune D,Keum N,Giovannucci E,Fadnes LT,Boffetta P,Greenwood DC,Tonstad S,Vatten LJ,Riboli E,Norat T

更新日期：2016-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Accurate and timely cause of death (COD) data are essential for informed public health policymaking. Medical certification of COD generally provides the majority of COD data in a population and is an essential component of civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems. Accurate completion of the med...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Hart JD,Sorchik R,Bo KS,Chowdhury HR,Gamage S,Joshi R,Kwa V,Li H,Mahesh BPK,Mclaughlin D,Mikkelsen L,Miki J,Napulan R,Rampatige R,Reeve M,Sarmiento C,War NS,Richards N,Riley ID,Lopez AD

更新日期：2020-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ancestral environmental exposures to a variety of environmental factors and toxicants have been shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult onset disease. The present work examined the potential transgenerational actions of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) on o...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Skinner MK,Manikkam M,Tracey R,Guerrero-Bosagna C,Haque M,Nilsson EE

更新日期：2013-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Depression in tuberculosis increases the risk for adverse health outcomes. However, little is known about comorbid depression and tuberculosis in the general population. Thus, we assessed the association between depression and tuberculosis, and the decrements in health status associated with this comorbidity...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Koyanagi A,Vancampfort D,Carvalho AF,DeVylder JE,Haro JM,Pizzol D,Veronese N,Stubbs B

更新日期：2017-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In recent years, medical practice has followed two different paradigms: evidence-based medicine (EBM) and values-based medicine (VBM). There is an urgent need to promote medical education that strengthens the relationship between these two paradigms. This work is designed to establish the foundations for a c...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Altamirano-Bustamante MM,Altamirano-Bustamante NF,Lifshitz A,Mora-Magaña I,de Hoyos A,Avila-Osorio MT,Quintana-Vargas S,Aguirre JA,Méndez J,Murata C,Nava-Diosdado R,Martínez-González O,Calleja E,Vargas R,Mejía-Arangure JM,C

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Since the late 1980s, genetic discrimination has remained one of the major concerns associated with genetic research and clinical genetics. Europe has adopted a plethora of laws and policies, both at the regional and national levels, to prevent insurers from having access to genetic information for underwrit...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Joly Y,Ngueng Feze I,Simard J

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have suggested that there may be an association between some immune-mediated diseases and risk of tuberculosis (TB). METHODS:We analyzed a database of linked statistical records of hospital admissions and death certificates for the whole of England (1999 to 2011), and a similar database (th...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Ramagopalan SV,Goldacre R,Skingsley A,Conlon C,Goldacre MJ

更新日期：2013-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ineffective risk stratification can delay diagnosis of serious disease in patients with hematuria. We applied a systems biology approach to analyze clinical, demographic and biomarker measurements (n = 29) collected from 157 hematuric patients: 80 urothelial cancer (UC) and 77 controls with confounding patho...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Emmert-Streib F,Abogunrin F,de Matos Simoes R,Duggan B,Ruddock MW,Reid CN,Roddy O,White L,O'Kane HF,O'Rourke D,Anderson NH,Nambirajan T,Williamson KE

更新日期：2013-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases and targets the hair follicles, with high impact on the quality of life and self-esteem of patients due to hair loss. Clinical management and outcomes are challenged by current limited immunosuppressive and immunomodulating regimens. METHODS...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Li Y,Yan B,Wang H,Li H,Li Q,Zhao D,Chen Y,Zhang Y,Li W,Zhang J,Wang S,Shen J,Li Y,Guindi E,Zhao Y

更新日期：2015-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening adults for depression in primary care settings when staff-assisted depression management programs are available. This recommendation, however, is based on evidence from depression management programs conducted with patients alread...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Thombs BD,Ziegelstein RC,Roseman M,Kloda LA,Ioannidis JP

更新日期：2014-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, the introduction and Federal Drug Administration approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies has dramatically improved the clinical outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. These antagonist monoclonal antibodies are capable of unleashing dormant or exhausted antitumor immunity, which has l...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Redman JM,Gibney GT,Atkins MB

更新日期：2016-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinical pathways (CPs) are used to improve the outcomes of acute stroke, but their use in stroke care is questionable, because the evidence on their effectiveness is still inconclusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether CPs improve the outcomes and the quality of care provided to patients ...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Panella M,Marchisio S,Brambilla R,Vanhaecht K,Di Stanislao F

更新日期：2012-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early d...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Rohrmann S,Overvad K,Bueno-de-Mesquita HB,Jakobsen MU,Egeberg R,Tjønneland A,Nailler L,Boutron-Ruault MC,Clavel-Chapelon F,Krogh V,Palli D,Panico S,Tumino R,Ricceri F,Bergmann MM,Boeing H,Li K,Kaaks R,Khaw KT,Wareha

更新日期：2013-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The original article [1] contained an error in the presentation of Figure 1; this error has now been rectified and Figure 1 is now presented correctly. ...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Wesolowski A,Taylor AR,Chang HH,Verity R,Tessema S,Bailey JA,Alex Perkins T,Neafsey DE,Greenhouse B,Buckee CO

更新日期：2018-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The lack of formal training programs for peer reviewers places the scientific quality of biomedical publications at risk, as the introduction of 'hidden' bias may not be easily recognized by the reader. The exponential increase in the number of manuscripts submitted for publication worldwide, estimated in the millions...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Stahel PF,Moore EE

更新日期：2014-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alcoholic beverages are widely consumed. Depression, the most prevalent mental disorder worldwide, has been related to alcohol intake. We aimed to prospectively assess the association between alcohol intake and incident depression using repeated measurements of alcohol intake. METHODS:We followed-up 5,505 h...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Gea A,Beunza JJ,Estruch R,Sánchez-Villegas A,Salas-Salvadó J,Buil-Cosiales P,Gómez-Gracia E,Covas MI,Corella D,Fiol M,Arós F,Lapetra J,Lamuela-Raventós RM,Wärnberg J,Pintó X,Serra-Majem L,Martínez-González MA,PREDIMED G

更新日期：2013-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies addressing the effects of aerobic exercise and a prudent diet on lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in adults have reached conflicting conclusions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise combined with a prudent diet on lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in adul...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Kelley GA,Kelley KS,Roberts S,Haskell W

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Congregate settings may serve as institutional amplifiers of tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We analyze spatial, epidemiological, and pathogen genetic data prospectively collected from neighborhoods surrounding a prison in Lima, Peru, where inmates experience a high risk of M...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Warren JL,Grandjean L,Moore DAJ,Lithgow A,Coronel J,Sheen P,Zelner JL,Andrews JR,Cohen T

更新日期：2018-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Smokers have been shown to have lower mortality after acute coronary syndrome than non-smokers. This has been attributed to the younger age, lower co-morbidity, more aggressive treatment and lower risk profile of the smoker. Some studies, however, have used multivariate analyses to show a residual survival b...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Aune E,Røislien J,Mathisen M,Thelle DS,Otterstad JE

更新日期：2011-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Due to the overlapping clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza, parallels are often drawn between the two diseases. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are at a higher risk for severe manifestations of both illnesses. Considering the high transmission rate ...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Khan MS,Shahid I,Anker SD,Solomon SD,Vardeny O,Michos ED,Fonarow GC,Butler J

更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The Mediterranean diet has been linked to a number of health benefits, including reduced mortality risk and lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Definitions of the Mediterranean diet vary across some settings, and scores are increasingly being employed to define Mediterranean diet adherence in epidemiological st...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Trichopoulou A,Martínez-González MA,Tong TY,Forouhi NG,Khandelwal S,Prabhakaran D,Mozaffarian D,de Lorgeril M

更新日期：2014-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bangladesh, India and Nepal are working towards the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) by 2015. In 2005 the World Health Organization/Training in Tropical Diseases launched an implementation research programme to support integrated vector management for the elimination of VL from Bangladesh, India an...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Joshi AB,Das ML,Akhter S,Chowdhury R,Mondal D,Kumar V,Das P,Kroeger A,Boelaert M,Petzold M

更新日期：2009-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) alters platelet reactivity, and as a consequence, patients living with HIV may be at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The current evidence on platelet activation levels in patients with HIV remains inconclusive. We therefore aimed to systematically synthesise ev...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Nkambule BB,Mxinwa V,Mkandla Z,Mutize T,Mokgalaboni K,Nyambuya TM,Dludla PV

更新日期：2020-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Caregivers may promote the uptake of science into patient care and the practice of evidence-informed medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether caregiver-mediated (non-clinical caregiver-delivered) interventions are effective in improving patient, caregiver, provider, or health system outco...

journal_title：BMC medicine

authors： Fiest KM,McIntosh CJ,Demiantschuk D,Leigh JP,Stelfox HT

更新日期：2018-07-12 00:00:00