Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Identifying objective and accurate markers of cocaine dependence (CD) can innovate its prevention and treatment. Existing evidence suggests that CD is characterized by a wide range of cognitive deficits, most notably by increased impulsivity. Impulsivity is multidimensional and it is unclear which of its various dimensions would have the highest predictive utility for CD. The machine-learning approach is highly promising for discovering predictive markers of disease. Here, we used machine learning to identify multivariate predictive patterns of impulsivity phenotypes that can accurately classify individuals with CD. METHODS:Current cocaine-dependent users (N = 31) and healthy controls (N = 23) completed the self-report Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 and five neurocognitive tasks indexing different dimensions of impulsivity: (1) Immediate Memory Task (IMT), (2) Stop-Signal Task, (3) Delay-Discounting Task (DDT), (4) Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), and (5) Probabilistic Reversal-Learning task. We applied a machine-learning algorithm to all impulsivity measures. RESULTS:Machine learning accurately classified individuals with CD and predictions were generalizable to new samples (area under the curve of the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.912 in the test set). CD membership was predicted by higher scores on motor and non-planning trait impulsivity, poor response inhibition, and discriminability on the IMT, higher delay discounting on the DDT, and poor decision making on the IGT. CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that multivariate behavioral impulsivity phenotypes can predict CD with high degree of accuracy, which can potentially be used to assess individuals' vulnerability to CD in clinical settings.
journal_name
Front Psychiatryjournal_title
Frontiers in psychiatryauthors
Ahn WY,Ramesh D,Moeller FG,Vassileva Jdoi
10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00034subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-10 00:00:00pages
34issn
1664-0640journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to modulate spontaneous neural network excitability. The cognitive improvement observed in previous trials raises the potential of this technique as a possible therapeutic tool for use in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) population. Howev...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00111
更新日期:2015-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Catatonia is a syndrome comprising psychomotor, behavioral, and autonomous symptoms which may occur in the context of severe schizophrenic, affective, and other mental disorders or medical conditions. Treatment options include high dose benzodiazepines (lorazepam) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with s...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00086
更新日期:2019-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Depression is pervasive in the military context and is likely to elicit lasting negative effects on health. Based on interpersonal models, social-interpersonal stressors are significantly associated with the development and maintenance of depression. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which the...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00447
更新日期:2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Criminal responsibility assessment is undertaken by psychologists or psychiatrists to assess offenders' legal capacities, which vary among countries or regional legislations. There are two psychometric tools (i.e., checklists) validated for criminal responsibility assessment: the Roger Criminal Responsibility Scale, a...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579243
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Studies have shown that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit elevated dysfunctional attitudes (DAs). However, it remains controversial whether the DAs are state-dependent or trait-like features of MDD. Methods:This study recruited 172 patients and 159 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline. DAs...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00645
更新日期:2020-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Attentional dysfunctions constitute core cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia, but the precise underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Methods:In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study, we applied, for the first time, a theoretically grounded modeling approach based on Bun...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00259
更新日期:2017-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00202.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00300
更新日期:2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Translational neuroscience is an important field that brings together clinical praxis with neuroscience methods. In this review article, the focus will be on functional neuroimaging (fMRI) and its applicability in clinical fMRI studies. In the light of the "replication crisis," three aspects will be critically discuss...
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abstract::Japan recently ordered a string of death sentences for offenders with mental illness. Based on the verdicts, we describe cases where one or more psychiatrists conducted psychiatric evaluations for several months and testified in lay judge courts. We compared these cases with those in which the death penalty was avoide...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00550
更新日期:2018-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Despite being a commonly used protocol to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), the underlying mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the resting-state fMRI data of 100 healthy subjects by explor...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00836
更新日期:2020-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Marijuana is the most commonly used drug of abuse among adolescents. Considerable clinical evidence supports the hypothesis that adolescent neurodevelopmental exposure to high levels of the principal psychoactive component in marijuana, -delta-9-tetrahydrocanabinol (THC), is associated with a high risk of developing p...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00281
更新日期:2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::Refinements in the methods of diagnosis for psychiatric disorders are critically needed. These new methods should be based on objectively measured brain characteristics that provide clinically useful information. Studying the brain with respect to psychiatric disorders, however, faces numerous challenges. Utilizing te...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00141
更新日期:2010-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) and suicidality are common reasons for emergency presentations in child and adolescent psychiatry. Therefore, we focused on reasons for emergency presentations as well as specific characteristics of those presenting with NSSI or suicidality to an emergeny psychiatric service. We analyzed...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00979
更新日期:2020-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Over half of those diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD), and rates are even higher among military veterans. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may be a safe and efficacious treatment for PTSD, both with and without comorbid MDD. Still, the mechanism of...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00605
更新日期:2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that binge eating-related disorders could be related to addiction-like eating patterns due to the addictive potential of hyperpalatable foods. Subsequently, important implications have been derived for treatment of those disorders and even political actions. However, studies on the prevale...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00061
更新日期:2011-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::This study explored how different forms of reward-based decision-making are associated with pathological gambling (PG) among abstinent individuals with prior dependence on different classes of drugs. Participants had lifetime histories of either "pure" heroin dependence (n = 64), "pure" amphetamine dependence (n = 51)...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00239
更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:In efforts to develop reliable methods to detect the likelihood of impending suicidal behaviors, we have proposed the following. OBJECTIVE:To gain a deeper understanding of the state of suicide risk by determining the combination of variables that distinguishes between groups with and without suicide risk. METHOD...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00007
更新日期:2017-02-02 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Epidemiological studies have shown that total scores in depression screening scales change with age, but the mechanism underlying these age-related changes remains unclear. Previous research has indicated that item responses in depression screening scales exhibit characteristic distributions in the general p...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00723
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Therapies for Tourette syndrome (TS) are insufficient, and novel therapies are needed. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been a potential therapy for several neurological diseases. Here, we report a preliminary study to investigate the effects of FMT on patients with TS. Five patients with TS received a singl...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.554441
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The clinical and etiological heterogeneity of mood disorders impede identification of effective treatments for the individual patient. This highlights a need for early neuronal and behavioral biomarkers for treatment efficacy, which can provide a basis for more personalized treatments. The present systemat...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00337
更新日期:2018-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::Down syndrome (DS) is associated with intellectual disability and an ultra-high risk of developing dementia. Informant ratings are invaluable to assess abilities and related changes in adults with DS, particularly for those with more severe intellectual disabilities and/or cognitive decline. We previously developed th...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00158
更新日期:2019-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Acute growth in negative affect is thought to play a major role in triggering relapse in opiate-dependent individuals. Consistent with this view, three lab studies have demonstrated that negative mood induction increases opiate craving in opiate-dependent individuals. The current study sought to confirm these effects ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00274
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In a group of 1066 heroin addicts, who were seeking treatment for opioid agonist treatment, we looked for differences in historical, demographic, and clinical characteristics, between patients with different levels of awareness of illness (insight). The results showed that, in the cohort studied, a majority of subject...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00061
更新日期:2012-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The One-to-One program aims to reduce criminal recidivism among prisoners shortly awaiting release, and among probationers. Of 1,484 program participants in Sweden, 776 contained adequate data for analysis. Pre- and post-program scores were available for the Alternative Thinking Test, Levenson's Locus of Control Scale...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00811
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Previous studies have revealed the efficacy of metacognitive training for schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms of metacognitive training on brain function alterations, including the default-mode network (DMN), remain unknown. The present study explored treatment effects of metacognitive training...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00234
更新日期:2020-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired manual dexterity is commonly observed in schizophrenia. However, a quantitative description of key sensorimotor components contributing to impaired dexterity is lacking. Whether the key components of dexterity are differentially affected and how they relate to clinical characteristics also remains unclear. We...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00120
更新日期:2017-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that compulsive drug seeking reflects an underlying dysregulation in adaptive behavior that favors habitual (automatic and inflexible) over goal-directed (deliberative and highly flexible) action selection. Rodent studies have established that repeated exposure to cocaine or amphetamine facilitate...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00044
更新日期:2016-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Several studies have shown a positive association between anxiety and obesity, particularly in women. We aimed to study whether sex hormone alterations related to obesity might play a role in this association. Patients and methods: Data for this study were obtained from a population-based cohort study (the...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00479
更新日期:2019-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder most frequently diagnosed in children and adolescents. Although ADHD can be effectively treated with psychostimulants, a significant proportion of patients discontinue treatment because of adverse events or insufficient improvement of symptoms. In addition,...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00334
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::THE MIRROR SYSTEM HYPOTHESIS AND INVESTIGATIONS OF BIRDSONG ARE REVIEWED IN RELATION TO THE SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN SYMBOLIC AND LANGUAGE CAPACITY, IN TERMS OF THREE FUNDAMENTAL FORMS OF COGNITIVE REFERENCE: iconic, indexical, and symbolic. Mirror systems are initially iconic but can progress to inde...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00078
更新日期:2012-01-11 00:00:00