Abstract:
BACKGROUND:An estimated 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occur worldwide each year. The reported mortality rate for infants with CRS is up to 33%. The cellular mechanisms responsible for the multiple congenital defects in CRS are presently unknown. Here we identify cell types positive for rubella virus (RV) in CRS infants. METHODS:Cells and organs involved in RV replication were identified in paraffin-embedded autopsy tissues from three fatal case-patients by histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using a rabbit polyclonal RV antibody. Normal rabbit antisera and RV antisera preabsorbed with highly purified RV served as negative controls. RESULTS:RV antigen was found in interstitial fibroblasts in the heart, adventitial fibroblasts of large blood vessels, alveolar macrophages, progenitor cells of the outer granular layer of the brain, and in capillary endothelium and basal plate in the placenta. The antibody specificity was verified by IHC staining of multiple tissue sections from other infectious disease cases. RV infection of each cell type is consistent with abnormalities which have been identified in patients with CRS, in the heart, large blood vessels, and brain. Antigen distribution was consistent with inflammatory response to vascular injury and systemic spread of RV. CONCLUSIONS:The identification of RV positive cell types in CRS is important to better understand the pathology and pathogenesis of CRS.
journal_name
EBioMedicinejournal_title
EBioMedicineauthors
Lazar M,Perelygina L,Martines R,Greer P,Paddock CD,Peltecu G,Lupulescu E,Icenogle J,Zaki SRdoi
10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.11.050subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-27 00:00:00pages
86-92issn
2352-3964pii
S2352-3964(15)30233-4journal_volume
3pub_type
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