Abstract:
:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved defensive mechanism that is used by cells to correct misfolded proteins that accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum. These proteins are misfolded as a result of physical stress on a cell and initiate a host of downstream effects that govern processes ranging from inflammation to apoptosis. To examine whether UPR system plays a role in depression, we examined the expression of genes that are part of the three different pathways for UPR activation, namely GRP78, GRP94, ATF6, XBP-1, ATF4, and CHOP using an animal model system that distinguishes vulnerability (learned helpless, LH) from resistance (non-learned helpless, NLH) to develop depression. Rats were exposed to inescapable shock on days 1 and 7 and were tested for escape latency on day 14. Rats not given shock but tested for escape latency were used as tested control (TC). Plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels were measured. Expression levels of various UPR associated genes were determined in hippocampus using qPCR. We found that the CORT level was higher in LH rats compared with TC and NLH rats. Expression of GRP78, GRP94, ATF6, and XBP-1 were significantly upregulated in LH rats compared with TC or NLH rats, whereas NLH rats did not show such changes. Expression levels of ATF4 and CHOP showed trends toward upregulation but were not significantly altered in LH or NLH group. Our data show strong evidence of altered UPR system in depressed rats, which could be associated with development of depressive behavior.
journal_name
Front Pharmacoljournal_title
Frontiers in pharmacologyauthors
Timberlake MA 2nd,Dwivedi Ydoi
10.3389/fphar.2015.00319subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-12 00:00:00pages
319issn
1663-9812journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The development of compounds able to modify biological functions largely took advantage of parallel synthesis to generate a broad chemical variance of compounds to be tested for the desired effect(s). The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a model for pharmacological studies since a long time as it represents a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00170
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abstract::Impetigo is the most common childhood skin infection in the world. There are two patterns of impetigo: nonbullous (or impetigo contagiosa) and bullous. The nonbullous type is due to Staphylococcus aureus and group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus and occurs in 70% of impetigo cases. Impetigo is often a self-limited dis...
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01370.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
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abstract::(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which is the most abundant catechin in green tea, has many potential health benefits, including decreased weight gain and/or adipose tissue weight. Suggested mechanisms for body weight reduction by EGCG include: (1) a decrease in calorie intake and (2) activation of AMPK in liver...
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00365
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00997
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abstract::Lapses in the graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and side effects of current standard care following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) call for novel regimens. Traditional approaches targeting T cells showed limited success in preventing acute GVHD (aGVHD). System medicine showed pr...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01440
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00984
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00016
更新日期:2018-01-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00027
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.598592
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00969
更新日期:2018-01-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.01259
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00382
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doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00725
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abstract:Background:Immunosuppressant non-adherence is a widespread problem among solid organ recipients. With the newly published clinical trials, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based systematic review of adherence-enhancing interventions on immunosuppressant adherence in solid organ recipients has not been completed....
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.532568
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.604866
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00143
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abstract::Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most widespread endocrine disruptors present in our environment, has been associated with the recent increased prevalence and severity of several diseases such as diabetes, obesity, autism, reproductive and neurological defects, oral diseases, and cancers such as breast tumors...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01683
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The root of Aconitum kusnezoffii (Caowu in Chinese, CW) is not only commonly used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but also served as a tonic in China. Due to its high toxicity, clinical poisoning cases induced by CW have frequently been reported. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, Aconitu...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00275
更新日期:2019-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare, aggressive pediatric brain tumors with no established curative therapy for relapsed disease, and poor survival rates. TP53 Mutation or dysfunction correlates with poor or no survival outcome in CPCs. Here, we report the case of a 4 month-old female who presented with dissemin...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00652
更新日期:2017-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00238
更新日期:2020-03-10 00:00:00