Advances in the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses: yaws, bejel, and pinta.

Abstract:

:Improved understanding of the differential diagnosis of endemic treponematoses is needed to inform clinical practice and to ensure the best outcome for a new global initiative for the eradication of yaws, bejel, and pinta. Traditionally, the human treponematoses have been differentiated based upon their clinical manifestations and epidemiologic characteristics because the etiologic agents are indistinguishable in the laboratory. Serological tests are still considered standard laboratory methods for the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses and new rapid point-of-care treponemal tests have become available which are extremely useful in low-resource settings. In the past ten years, there has been an increasing effort to apply polymerase chain reaction to treponematoses and whole genome fingerprinting techniques have identified genetic signatures that can differentiate the existing treponemal strains; however, definitive diagnosis is also hampered by widespread unavailability of molecular diagnostics. We review the dilemmas in the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses, and advances in the discovery of new diagnostic tools.

journal_name

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

authors

Mitjà O,Šmajs D,Bassat Q

doi

10.1371/journal.pntd.0002283

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-10-24 00:00:00

pages

e2283

issue

10

eissn

1935-2727

issn

1935-2735

pii

PNTD-D-13-00310

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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