Abstract:
:The spinal cord demonstrates several forms of plasticity that resemble brain-dependent learning and memory. Among the most studied form of spinal plasticity is spinal memory for noxious (nociceptive) stimulation. Numerous papers have described central pain as a spinally-stored memory that enhances future responses to cutaneous stimulation. This phenomenon, known as central sensitization, has broad relevance to a range of pathological conditions. Work from the spinal cord injury (SCI) field indicates that the lumbar spinal cord demonstrates several other forms of plasticity, including formal learning and memory. After complete thoracic SCI, the lumbar spinal cord can be trained by delivering stimulation to the hindleg when the leg is extended. In the presence of this response-contingent stimulation the spinal cord rapidly learns to hold the leg in a flexed position, a centrally mediated effect that meets the formal criteria for instrumental (response-outcome) learning. Instrumental flexion training produces a central change in spinal plasticity that enables future spinal learning on both the ipsilateral and contralateral leg. However, if stimulation is given in a response-independent manner, the spinal cord develops central maladaptive plasticity that undermines future spinal learning on both legs. The present paper tests for interactions between spinal cord training and central nociceptive sensitization after complete spinal cord transection. We found that spinal training alters future central sensitization by intradermal formalin (24 h post-training). Conversely intradermal formalin impaired future spinal learning (24 h post-injection). Because formalin-induced central sensitization has been shown to involve NMDA receptor activation, we tested whether pre-treatment with NMDA would also affect spinal learning in manner similar to formalin. We found intrathecal NMDA impaired learning in a dose-dependent fashion, and that this effect endures for at least 24 h. These data provide strong evidence for an opposing relationship between nociceptive plasticity and use-dependent learning in the spinal cord. The present work has clinical implications given recent findings that adaptive spinal training improves recovery in humans with SCI. Nociception below the SCI may undermine this rehabilitation potential.
journal_name
Front Physioljournal_title
Frontiers in physiologyauthors
Ferguson AR,Huie JR,Crown ED,Grau JWdoi
10.3389/fphys.2012.00396subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-04 00:00:00pages
396issn
1664-042Xjournal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Muscle wasting in cancer cachexia can be alleviated by blocking activin receptor type 2 (ACVR2) ligands through changes in protein synthesis/degradation. These changes in cellular and protein metabolism may alter protein homeostasis. First, we elucidated the acute (1-2 days) and 2-week effects of blocking ACVR2 ligand...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01917
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are well known to mobilize lipids and carbohydrates for energy-consuming activities in insects. These neuropeptides exert their functions by interacting with AKH receptors (AKHRs) located on the plasma membrane of fat body cells, which regulates energy mobilization by stimulating lipolysis...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01904
更新日期:2019-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Objective: It is widely accepted that there is an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and periodontitis. However, whether the periodontal status of the COPD patients is worse than that of the non-COPD subjects is seldom assessed. The findings currently available are inconsis...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00033
更新日期:2018-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike most excitable cells, certain syncytial smooth muscle cells are known to exhibit spontaneous action potentials of varying shapes and sizes. These differences in shape are observed even in electrophysiological recordings obtained from a single cell. The origin and physiological relevance of this phenomenon are c...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01300
更新日期:2018-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Mild normobaric hypoxia (NH) and modest exercise have multiple beneficial effects on health, but the changes in physiological function induced by NH and/or exercise remain unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the specific effects of NH and/or exercise on cardiac function and myocardial structure a...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01610
更新日期:2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Neointimal hyperplasia is amongst the major causes of failure of bypass grafts. The disease progression varies from patient to patient due to a range of different factors. In this paper, a mathematical model will be used to understand neointimal hyperplasia in individual patients, combining information from biological...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00226
更新日期:2017-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::The multifunctional CD36 scavenger receptor facilitates fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation and it has been involved in the pathophysiology related to dysfunctional FA metabolism. The common variant in the CD36 gene, rs1761667 (A/G), whose allele A is characterized by a reduced protein expression, has been associated...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.01006
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Limitations of current methods: Normalization of resting energy expenditure (REE) for body composition using the 2-compartment model fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) has inherent limitations for the interpretation of REE and may lead to erroneous conclusions when comparing people with a wide range of a...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2013.00047
更新日期:2013-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Carotenoids are almost universally distributed in living organisms. The oxidative metabolism by carotene oxygenase contributes to the metabolic processes of carotenoids. 15,15'-beta-carotene oxygenase (BCO1) and 9',10'-beta-carotene oxygenase (BCO2) are two important carotenoid oxygenases. In order to understand the f...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00745
更新日期:2020-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Odontoblast cells generated from human dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (hDPSCs) secrete reparative dentin in responds to an injury. Endogenous Wnt signaling is also activated during this process, and these Wnt-activated cells are responsible for the following repair response. R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) is a potent stem cel...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00918
更新日期:2020-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Severe muscle weakness concomitant with preferential depletion of myosin has been observed in several pathological conditions. Here, we used the steroid-denervation (S-D) rat model, which shows dramatic decrease in myosin content and force production, to test whether electrical stimulation (ES) treatment can prevent t...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01111
更新日期:2018-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Toll receptors are involved in innate immunity of invertebrates. In this study, we identify and characterize two Toll genes (named HcToll4 and HcToll5) from triangle sail mussel Hyriopsis cumingii. HcToll4 has complete cDNA sequence of 3,162 bp and encodes a protein of 909 amino acids. HcToll5 cDNA is 4,501 bp in leng...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00133
更新日期:2018-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Contusion injuries in skeletal muscle commonly occur in contact sport and vehicular and industrial workplace accidents. Icing has traditionally been used to treat such injuries under the premise that it alleviates pain, reduces tissue metabolism, and modifies vascular responses to decrease swelling. Previous research ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00093
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Intermittent hypoxia (IH), characterized as cyclic episodes of short-period hypoxia followed by normoxia, occurs in many physiological and pathophysiological conditions such as pregnancy, athlete, obstructive sleep apnea, and asthma. Hypoxia can induce autophagy, which is activated in response to protein aggregates, i...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00995
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The bicuspid aortic valve, a kind of heart disease that comes from parents, has been paid attention around the world. Although most bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients will suffer from some complications including aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, endocarditis, and heart dysfunction in the late stage of the dise...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01921
更新日期:2019-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Developing new methods to treat heart diseases is always a focus for basic research and clinical applications. Existing drugs have strong side-effects and also require lifetime administration for patients. Recent attempts of using nanoparticles (NPs) in treating atherosclerosis in animals and some heart diseases such ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00642
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Before they develop competent endothermy, mammals and birds are sensitive to fluctuating temperature. It follows that early life thermal environment can trigger changes to the ontogeny of thermoregulatory control. At the ecological level, we have incomplete knowledge of how such responses affect temperature tolerance ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00419
更新日期:2020-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Data indicate endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) may be preserved in the skeletal muscle microcirculation of young, obese adults. Preserved EDD might be mediated by compensatory mechanisms, impeding insight into preclinical vascular dysfunction. We aimed to determine the functional roles of nitric oxide synthase (NO...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00387
更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cardiac GLUT4 translocation/glucose uptake and CD36 translocation/long-chain fatty acid uptake are not fully understood. We compared in heart/muscle-specific PKC-λ knockout mice the roles of atypical PKCs (PKC-ζ and PKC-λ) in regulating cardiac glucose and fatty ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00361
更新日期:2012-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Domestic pig molars provide an interesting system to study the biomineralization process. The large size, thick enamel and complex crown morphology make pig molars relatively similar to human molars. However, compared to human molars, pig molars develop considerably faster. Here we use microCT to image the developing ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00071
更新日期:2018-02-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The dynamic interaction between blood pressure (BP) and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) is not fully understood, especially for CBFV changes lasting longer than 50 s. The interaction between BP and CBFV is relatively well characterized for periods <50 s using transfer function (TF) estimations of phase, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00327
更新日期:2014-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Antineoplastic drugs can be associated with several side effects, including cardiovascular toxicity (CTX). Biochemical studies have identified multiple mechanisms of CTX. Chemoterapeutic agents can alter redox homeostasis by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species RNS. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00167
更新日期:2018-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to simultaneously examine the differences of human nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and nerve cross-sectional area (nCSA) between the upper and lower limbs and between different regions of the upper and lower limbs. Thirty healthy subjects volunteered for the study. NCV and nCSA of the ulnar and tibial...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.609006
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphofructokinase deficiency is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder, which belongs to group of rare inborn errors of metabolism called glycogen storage disease. Here we report on a new mutation in the phosphofructokinase (PFK) gene PFKM identified in a 65-years-old woman who suffered from lifelong intermittent ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2013.00393
更新日期:2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01574.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00072
更新日期:2020-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we computationally generate hypotheses for dose-finding studies in the context of desynchronizing neuromodulation techniques. Abnormally strong neuronal synchronization is a hallmark of several brain disorders. Coordinated Reset (CR) stimulation is a spatio-temporally patterned stimulation technique tha...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00376
更新日期:2018-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide radicals and superoxide overproduction contributes to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Endothelial dysfunction and diminished nitric oxide levels are early steps in the development of these pathological conditions. It is known that physiological productio...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00907
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle tone represents one of the important concepts for characterizing changes in the state of the developing nervous system. It can be manifested in the level of activity of flexors and extensors and in muscle reactions to its passive stretching (StR) or shortening (ShR). Here we investigated such reactions in a coh...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01158
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking causes chronic lung inflammation that is mainly regulated by redox-sensitive pathways. Our previous studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoke (CS) activates reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling resulting in inductio...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00440
更新日期:2014-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve (MV) repair using MitraClip has been recently established as a treatment option for patients with heart failure and functional mitral regurgitation (MR), which significantly expands the number of patients that can be treated with this device. This study aimed to quantify the morp...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00432
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00