Genome-wide association studies on HIV susceptibility, pathogenesis and pharmacogenomics.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Host SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) suppresses reverse transcription kinetics of HIV-1 in nondividing cells such as macrophages by hydrolyzing and nearly depleting cellular dNTPs, which are the substrates of viral reverse transcriptase (RT). However, unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIVsm enco...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Lenzi GM,Domaoal RA,Kim DH,Schinazi RF,Kim B

更新日期：2014-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chemokine receptors (CKRs), the primordial receptors for primate lentiviruses, are sufficient to mediate virus-cell fusion. Several different fusogenic CKRs and related receptors provide a broad potential host cell range, presumably advantageous for viral spread within a given infected individual, and across...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Iyengar S,Schwartz DH

更新日期：2012-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment are associated with changes in lipid levels, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated these changes in the first 96 weeks of treatment with low-dose stavudine or tenofovir regimens. METHODS:This is a secondary analysis of a doubl...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Vos AG,Chersich MF,Klipstein-Grobusch K,Zuithoff P,Moorhouse MA,Lalla-Edward ST,Kambugu A,Kumarasamy N,Grobbee DE,Barth RE,Venter WD

更新日期：2018-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Efficient targeted gene transfer and cell type specific transgene expression are important for the safe and effective expression of transgenes in vivo. Enveloped viral vectors allow insertion of exogenous membrane proteins into their envelopes, which could potentially aid in the targeted transduction of spec...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Ye Z,Harmison GG,Ragheb JA,Schubert M

更新日期：2005-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The process of HIV-1 genomic RNA (gRNA) encapsidation is governed by a number of viral encoded components, most notably the Gag protein and gRNA cis elements in the canonical packaging signal (ψ). Also implicated in encapsidation are cis determinants in the R, U5, and PBS (primer binding site) from the 5' un...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Cockrell AS,van Praag H,Santistevan N,Ma H,Kafri T

更新日期：2011-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reducing transmission of HIV-1 through breast milk is needed to help decrease the burden of pediatric HIV/AIDS in society. We have previously reported that alkyl sulfates (i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) are microbicidal against HIV-1 at low concentrations, are biodegradable, have little/no toxicity and a...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Urdaneta S,Wigdahl B,Neely EB,Berlin CM Jr,Schengrund CL,Lin HM,Howett MK

更新日期：2005-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International travel plays a role in the spread of HIV-1 across Europe. It is, however, not known whether international travel is more important for spread of the epidemic as compared to endogenous infections within single countries. In this study, phylogenetic associations among HIV of newly diagnosed patie...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Frentz D,Wensing AM,Albert J,Paraskevis D,Abecasis AB,Hamouda O,Jørgensen LB,Kücherer C,Struck D,Schmit JC,Åsjö B,Balotta C,Beshkov D,Camacho RJ,Clotet B,Coughlan S,De Wit S,Griskevicius A,Grossman Z,Horban A,Kolu

更新日期：2013-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ankyrins are cellular mediators of a number of essential protein-protein interactions. Unlike intrabodies, ankyrins are composed of highly structured repeat modules characterized by disulfide bridge-independent folding. Artificial ankyrin molecules, designed to target viral components, might act as intracell...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Nangola S,Urvoas A,Valerio-Lepiniec M,Khamaikawin W,Sakkhachornphop S,Hong SS,Boulanger P,Minard P,Tayapiwatana C

更新日期：2012-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The N-heptad repeat region of the HIV-1 Transmembrane Envelope protein is a trimerization domain that forms part of a "six helix bundle" crucial to Envelope-mediated membrane fusion. N-heptad repeat peptides have been used as extracellular reagents to inhibit virus fusion. RESULTS:When expressed intracellul...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Ou W,Silver J

更新日期：2005-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A pol-fragment of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that is highly related to SIVdrl-pol from drill monkeys (Mandrillus leucophaeus) was detected in two mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) from Amsterdam Zoo. These captivity-born mandrills had never been in contact with drill monkeys, and were unlikely to be hybrids. Thei...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： van der Kuyl AC,van den Burg R,Hoyer MJ,Gruters RA,Osterhaus AD,Berkhout B

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recombination is a common feature of retroviral biology and one of the most important factors responsible for generating viral diversity at both the intra-host and the population levels. However, relatively little is known about rates and molecular processes of recombination for retroviruses other than HIV, ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Bęczkowski PM,Hughes J,Biek R,Litster A,Willett BJ,Hosie MJ

更新日期：2014-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:One facet of the complexity underlying the biology of HIV-1 resides not only in its limited number of viral proteins, but in the extensive repertoire of cellular proteins they interact with and their higher-order assembly. HIV-1 encodes the regulatory protein Tat (86-101aa), which is essential for HIV-1 repl...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Gautier VW,Gu L,O'Donoghue N,Pennington S,Sheehy N,Hall WW

更新日期：2009-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Certain murine leukemia viruses (MLVs) are capable of inducing progressive spongiform motor neuron disease in susceptible mice upon infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The major CNS parenchymal target of these neurovirulent retroviruses (NVs) are the microglia, whose infection is largely coinciden...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Dimcheff DE,Volkert LG,Li Y,DeLucia AL,Lynch WP

更新日期：2006-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the acute phase of infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the virus targets activated CD4+ T cells by utilising CD134 (OX40) as a primary attachment receptor and CXCR4 as a co-receptor. The nature of the virus-receptor interaction varies between isolates; strains such as GL8 and CPGammer reco...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Willett BJ,Kraase M,Logan N,McMonagle EL,Samman A,Hosie MJ

更新日期：2010-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Friends and colleagues remember John N. Brady, Ph.D., Chief of the Virus Tumor Biology Section of the Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, who died much too young at the age of 57 on April 27, 2009 of colon cancer. John grew up in Illinois and received his Ph.D. with Dr. Richard Consigli at Kansas State University studyin...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Pise-Masison CA,Marriott SJ

更新日期：2009-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The reliable diagnosis of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is important, particularly as it can be vertically transmitted by breast feeding mothers to their infants. However, current diagnosis in Japan requires a confirmatory western blot (WB) test after screening/primary testing for HTL...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Okuma K,Kuramitsu M,Niwa T,Taniguchi T,Masaki Y,Ueda G,Matsumoto C,Sobata R,Sagara Y,Nakamura H,Satake M,Miura K,Fuchi N,Masuzaki H,Okayama A,Umeki K,Yamano Y,Sato T,Iwanaga M,Uchimaru K,Nakashima M,Utsunomiya A

更新日期：2020-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reverse transcription (RT) of HIV and SIV is initiated by the binding of the acceptor stem of tRNALys3 to the primer binding site (PBS) of the viral RNA genome. Previous studies have suggested that this tRNALys3 is not the only molecule capable of priming reverse transcription, and that at least one other ly...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Fennessey CM,Camus C,Immonen TT,Reid C,Maldarelli F,Lifson JD,Keele BF

更新日期：2019-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The HIV-1 Rev regulatory protein binds as an oligomeric complex to viral RNA mediating nuclear export of incompletely spliced and non-spliced viral mRNAs encoding the viral structural proteins. However, the biological significance of the obligatory complex formation of Rev upon the viral RNA is unclear. RES...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Furnes C,Arnesen T,Askjaer P,Kjems J,Szilvay AM

更新日期：2005-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This editorial represents a plea to retrovirologists to attend the XVI International Conference on AIDS that will take place in Toronto, Canada between August 13-18, 2006. In short, it is vital that politicians and opinion leaders understand that basic scientists are no less committed to the worldwide battle against H...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Wainberg MA

更新日期：2006-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Accumulating data suggest that immune effector functions mediated through the Fc portion of HIV-1-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) are a key component of HIV-1 protective immunity, affecting both disease progression and HIV-1 acquisition. Through studying Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) variants known to alter IgG F...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Lassaunière R,Musekiwa A,Gray GE,Kuhn L,Tiemessen CT

更新日期：2016-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This editorial comments on selected progress made in combating the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) after 26 years and some of the remaining challenges. ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Jeang KT

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Retroviruses HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 have homologous genomic structures but differ significantly in pathogenicity. HTLV-1 is associated with Adult T cell Leukemia (ATL), whereas infection by HTLV-2 has no association with neoplasia. Transformation of T lymphocytes by HTLV-1 is linked to the capacity of its oncopro...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Turci M,Lodewick J,Di Gennaro G,Rinaldi AS,Marin O,Diani E,Sampaio C,Bex F,Bertazzoni U,Romanelli MG

更新日期：2012-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:HTLV-1 Tax can induce senescence by up-regulating the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1). Tax increases p27(KIP1) protein stability by activating the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) precociously, causing degradation of Skp2 and inactivation of SCF(Skp2), the E3 ligas...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Zhang L,Zhi H,Liu M,Kuo YL,Giam CZ

更新日期：2009-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Among human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected individuals, there is an association between HTLV-1 tax subgroups (subgroup-A or subgroup-B) and the risk of HAM/TSP in the Japanese population. To investigate the role of HTLV-1 subgroups in viral pathogenesis, we studied the functional difference i...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Naito T,Yasunaga JI,Mitobe Y,Shirai K,Sejima H,Ushirogawa H,Tanaka Y,Nakamura T,Hanada K,Fujii M,Matsuoka M,Saito M

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:SAMHD1 is an HIV-1 restriction factor in non-dividing monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and resting CD4+ T-cells. Acting as a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase, SAMHD1 hydrolyzes dNTPs and restricts HIV-1 infection in macrophages and resting CD4+ T-cells by decreasing the i...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： St Gelais C,de Silva S,Amie SM,Coleman CM,Hoy H,Hollenbaugh JA,Kim B,Wu L

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A nef gene is present in all primate lentiviral genomes and is important for high viral loads and progression to AIDS in human or experimental macaque hosts of HIV or SIV, respectively. In these hosts, infection of the thymus results in a decreased output of naive T cells that may contribute to the developme...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Van Nuffel A,Ariën KK,Stove V,Schindler M,O'Neill E,Schmökel J,Van de Walle I,Naessens E,Vanderstraeten H,Van Landeghem K,Taghon T,Pulkkinen K,Saksela K,Garcia JV,Fackler OT,Kirchhoff F,Verhasselt B

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Unlike CD4+ T cells, HIV-1 infected macrophages exhibit extended life span even upon stress, consistent with their in vivo role as long-lived HIV-1 reservoirs. RESULTS:Here, we demonstrate that PI3K/Akt inhibitors, including clinically available Miltefosine, dramatically reduced HIV-1 production from long-l...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Chugh P,Bradel-Tretheway B,Monteiro-Filho CM,Planelles V,Maggirwar SB,Dewhurst S,Kim B

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Although antiretroviral therapy is able to suppress HIV replication in infected patients, the virus persists and rebounds when treatment is stopped. In order to find a cure that can eradicate the latent reservoir, one must be able to quantify the persisting virus. Traditionally, HIV persistence studies have used real-...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Rutsaert S,Bosman K,Trypsteen W,Nijhuis M,Vandekerckhove L

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Long term infection with HIV-1, even in the context of therapy, leads to chronic health problems including an array of neurocognitive dysfunctions. The viral Tat protein has previously been implicated in neuropathogenesis through its effect on astrocytes. Tat has also been shown to inhibit the biogenesis of ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Sardo L,Vakil PR,Elbezanti W,El-Sayed A,Klase Z

更新日期：2016-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite intensive investigation the mechanism by which HIV-1 reaches the host cell nucleus is unknown. TNPO3, a karyopherin mediating nuclear entry of SR-proteins, was shown to be required for HIV-1 infectivity. Some investigators have reported that TNPO3 promotes HIV-1 nuclear import, as would be expected f...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： De Iaco A,Santoni F,Vannier A,Guipponi M,Antonarakis S,Luban J

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00