Abstract:
:Neuronal activity, astrocytic responses to this activity, and energy homeostasis are linked together during baseline, conscious conditions, and short-term rapid activation (as occurs with sensory or motor function). Nervous system energy homeostasis also varies during long-term physiological conditions (i.e., development and aging) and with adaptation to pathological conditions, such as ischemia or low glucose. Neuronal activation requires increased metabolism (i.e., ATP generation) which leads initially to substrate depletion, induction of a variety of signals for enhanced astrocytic function, and increased local blood flow and substrate delivery. Energy generation (particularly in mitochondria) and use during ATP hydrolysis also lead to considerable heat generation. The local increases in blood flow noted following neuronal activation can both enhance local substrate delivery but also provides a heat sink to help cool the brain and removal of waste by-products. In this review we highlight the interactions between short-term neuronal activity and energy metabolism with an emphasis on signals and factors regulating astrocyte function and substrate supply.
journal_name
Front Pharmacoljournal_title
Frontiers in pharmacologyauthors
Shetty PK,Galeffi F,Turner DAdoi
10.3389/fphar.2012.00043subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-20 00:00:00pages
43issn
1663-9812journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::MYC target 1 (MYCT1), a direct target gene of c-Myc, is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene first cloned from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The downregulation of MYCT1 has been reported to be associated with carcinogenesis. However, the role of MYCT1 in the development and progress of acute myeloid leukemia (...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01045
更新日期:2018-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Shenmai injection (SMI), as a patented traditional Chinese medicine, is extracted from Panax ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus. It commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and in the control of cardiac toxicity induced by doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. However, its anti-cardiotoxicity mechanism remains un...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00815
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Melanoma immunotherapy, specifically the autotransplant of dendritic cells charged with tumors antigens, has shown promising results in clinical trials. The positive clinical effects of this therapy have been associated to increased Th17 response and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against to tumor antigens. Some ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01201
更新日期:2019-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Yixinshu Capsules (YXSC) are widely used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of action are not well understood. Method: In this study, a metabonomic approach based on integrated UPLC-Q/TOF-MS technique and MALDI-MS was utilized to explore po...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01474
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory bowel disorders can be associated with alterations in gut microbiota (dysbiosis) and behavioral disturbances. In experimental colitis, administration of fish oil (FO) or cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD), reduce inflammation. We investigated the effect of combined FO/CBD administration on inflammati...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.585096
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic cancer decreases survival time and quality of life because of drug resistance and peripheral neuropathy during conventional treatment. This study was undertaken to investigate whether αvβ3 integrin receptor antagonist compounds NDAT and XT199 can suppress the development of cisplatin resistance and cisplati...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00095
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::The need for novel drugs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is high, since available pharmaceuticals often have substantial side effects and limited efficacy. Natural products are a good starting point in the development of immunosuppressive leads. Since enhanced T cell proliferation is a common feature of autoi...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00402
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment that increasingly afflicts the elderly population. Soluble oligomers (AβOs) has been implicated in AD pathogenesis: however, the molecular events underlying a role for Aβ are not well understood. We studied the effects of Aβ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00709
更新日期:2020-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained delivery of analgesic agents at target sites remains a critical issue for effective pain management. The use of nanocarriers has been reported to facilitate effective delivery of these agents to target sites while minimizing systemic toxicity. These include the use of biodegradable liposomal or polymeric car...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00143
更新日期:2013-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::For the treatment of malignancy, many therapeutic agents, including small molecules, photosensitizers, immunomodulators, proteins and genes, and so forth, have been loaded into nanocarriers for controllable cancer therapy. Among these nanocarriers, polymeric micelles have been considered as one of the most promising n...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00202
更新日期:2018-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::β2-adrenoceptor agonists are commonly used as bronchodilators to treat obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, they induce severe side effects. Therefore, developing new bronchodilators is essential. Herbal plants were extracted and the extracts' effect on ai...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01389
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmaceutical medicine has evolved to be a distinct medical scientific discipline over time. Pharmaceutical medicine has distinctive features related to complex innovative medicines development activities in an often commercially focused competitive environment. This sometimes uneasy mix of professionalism and commer...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01525
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most difficult challenges in clinical hepatology is the diagnosis of a drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The timing of the events, exclusion of alternative causes, and taking into account the clinical context should be systematically assessed and scored in a transparent manner. RUCAM (Roussel Uclaf Causalit...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00730
更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Processes such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, or invasion are strongly influenced by the surrounding microenvironment of the tumor. Therefore, the ability to change these surroundings represents an important property through which tumor cells are able to acquire specific functions necessary for tumor ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00140
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Polysaccharides separated from herbs have been shown to be effective for ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury, but whether the polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo leaves (LDOP-1) protected mucosa from ethanol-induced i...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.526349
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The immunotherapy agent pembrolizumab has been approved for gastric cancer (GC) patients with recurrent or advanced disease who are PD-L1 positive. Mutations in the primary lesion may drive the expression of immune targets thereby priming the tumor to therapeutic sensitivity. In this study, we aimed to uncover mutatio...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01522
更新日期:2019-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Sigma-1 receptors (S1R) and sigma-2 receptors (S2R) may modulate nociception without the liabilities of opioids, offering a promising therapeutic target to treat pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo analgesic and anti-allodynic activity of two novel sigma receptor antagonists, the S1R-selecti...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00678
更新日期:2019-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by increasing osseous fragility and fracture due to the reduced bone mass and microstructural degradation. Primary pharmacological strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, hormone replacement treatment (HRT), and alendronate therapies may produce adverse side-effects a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01344
更新日期:2019-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Wenxin Keli (WXKL) is a widely used Chinese botanical drug for the treatment of arrhythmia, which is consisted of four herbs and amber. In the present study, we analyzed the chemical composition of WXKL using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to tentatively identify 71 comp...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01288
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::The use of therapeutic peptides in various inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders has received considerable attention; however, the identification of anti-inflammatory peptides (AIPs) through wet-lab experimentation is expensive and often time consuming. Therefore, the development of novel computational method...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00276
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) are the main source of acetylcholine in the striatum and are believed to play an important role in basal ganglia physiology and pathophysiology. The role of CINs in striatal function is known mostly from extracellular recordings of tonically active striatal neurons in monkeys, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01488
更新日期:2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Although the oral route is the most convenient route for drug administration, there are a number of circumstances where this is not possible from either a clinical or pharmaceutical perspective. In these cases, the rectal route may represent a practical alternative and can be used to administer drugs for both local an...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01196
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::In a screening of Sudanese medicinal plants for antiprotozoal activity, the chloroform fractions obtained by liquid-liquid partitioning from ethanolic extracts of fruits of Croton gratissimus var. gratissimus and stems of Cuscuta hyalina Roth ex Schult. exhibited in vitro activity against axenically grown Leishmania d...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.01246
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this experimental study was to assess whether 5 weeks of preoperative supplementation with vitamin D affects the intensity of pain and the level of inflammatory markers in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) followed by rehabilitation. 42 patients were divided, by double-blind rando...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00527
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::High levels of emotional arousal can impair spatial memory mediated by the hippocampus, and enhance stimulus-response (S-R) habit memory mediated by the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). The present study was conducted to determine whether these memory systems may be similarly affected in an animal model of post-traumatic ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00663
更新日期:2017-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Background: From October 2018, adalimumab biosimilars could enter the European market. However, in some countries, such as Netherlands, high discounts reported for the originator product may have influenced biosimilar entry. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to provide a European overview of (list) prices of origin...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.591134
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The development of current neuroleptics was largely aiming to decrease excessive dopaminergic signaling in the striatum. However, the notion that abnormal dopamine creates psychotic symptoms by causing an aberrant assignment of salience that drives maladaptive learning chronically during disease development suggests a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.486811
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG) contributes to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inhibition of mitochondrial abnormalities induced by MG in the heart may improve and delay the progression of heart failure. Although ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00805
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction between T cell and dendritic cells (DCs) that leads to T cell activation affects the progression of the immune response including autoimmune diseases. Antigen presentation on immune cell surface, formation of an immunological synapse (IS), and specific identification of complex by T cells including two...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00642
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Aseptic loosening induced by periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO) is the leading complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and results in patients having to receive revision surgery. However, there is still no efficient drug to prevent or even slow the pathological process. Herein, we report novel dual-targeted, curcu...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.600156
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00