Emv2, the only endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus of C57BL/6J mice.

abstract：:The King's College London (KCL) Infectious Diseases BioBank opened in 2007 and collects peripheral venous blood (PVB) from individuals infected with pathogens including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). PVBs are fractionated into plasmas, lymphocytes and DNA and are then frozen. All donations are from subjects who h...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Williams R,Mant C,Cason J

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Combination anti-viral therapies have reduced treatment failure rates by requiring multiple specific mutations to be selected on the same viral genome to impart high-level drug resistance. To determine if the common protease inhibitor resistance mutation L90M is only selected once or repeatedly on different ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Kapoor A,Shapiro B,Shafer RW,Shulman N,Rhee SY,Delwart EL

更新日期：2008-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-1 replication is critically dependent upon controlled processing of its RNA and the activities provided by its encoded regulatory factors Tat and Rev. A screen of small molecule modulators of RNA processing identified several which inhibited virus gene expression, affecting both relative abundance of spe...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Balachandran A,Wong R,Stoilov P,Pan S,Blencowe B,Cheung P,Harrigan PR,Cochrane A

更新日期：2017-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We previously demonstrated that primary Th1Th17 cells are highly permissive to HIV-1, whereas Th1 cells are relatively resistant. Molecular mechanisms underlying these differences remain unknown. RESULTS:Exposure to replication competent and single-round VSV-G pseudotyped HIV strains provide evidence that s...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Bernier A,Cleret-Buhot A,Zhang Y,Goulet JP,Monteiro P,Gosselin A,DaFonseca S,Wacleche VS,Jenabian MA,Routy JP,Tremblay C,Ancuta P

更新日期：2013-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Tax proteins encoded by human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) are transcriptional activators of both the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) and cellular promoters via the CREB and NFkB pathways. In contrast to HTLV-1, HTLV-2 has been classified into four distinct genetic subtypes A...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Sheehy N,Lillis L,Watters K,Lewis M,Gautier V,Hall W

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Existing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effectively controls viral replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals but cannot completely eradicate the infection, at least in part due to the persistence of latently infected cells. One strategy that is being active...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Miller LK,Kobayashi Y,Chen CC,Russnak TA,Ron Y,Dougherty JP

更新日期：2013-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The development of anaemia in feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)-infected cats is associated with the emergence of a novel viral subgroup, FeLV-C. FeLV-C arises from the subgroup that is transmitted, FeLV-A, through alterations in the amino acid sequence of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the envelope glycop...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Stewart H,Adema KW,McMonagle EL,Hosie MJ,Willett BJ

更新日期：2012-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mammalian cells harbour RNA quality control and degradative machineries such as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay that target cellular mRNAs for clearance from the cell to avoid aberrant gene expression. The role of the host mRNA decay pathways in macrophages in the context of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Rao S,Amorim R,Niu M,Breton Y,Tremblay MJ,Mouland AJ

更新日期：2019-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-1 typically develops resistance to any single antiretroviral agent. Combined anti-retroviral therapy to reduce drug-resistance development is necessary to control HIV-1 infection. Here, to assess the utility of a combination of antibody and fusion inhibitor treatments, we investigated the potency of mono...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Alam M,Kuwata T,Shimura K,Yokoyama M,Ramirez Valdez KP,Tanaka K,Maruta Y,Oishi S,Fujii N,Sato H,Matsuoka M,Matsushita S

更新日期：2016-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The HIV-1 Rev regulatory protein binds as an oligomeric complex to viral RNA mediating nuclear export of incompletely spliced and non-spliced viral mRNAs encoding the viral structural proteins. However, the biological significance of the obligatory complex formation of Rev upon the viral RNA is unclear. RES...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Furnes C,Arnesen T,Askjaer P,Kjems J,Szilvay AM

更新日期：2005-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlates of protection (CoPs) against infection by primate lentiviruses remain undefined. Modest protection against HIV-1 was observed in one human vaccine trial, whereas previous trials and vaccine-challenge experiments in non-human primates have yielded inconsistent but intriguing results. Although high levels of ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Klasse PJ,Moore JP

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This editorial represents a plea to retrovirologists to attend the XVI International Conference on AIDS that will take place in Toronto, Canada between August 13-18, 2006. In short, it is vital that politicians and opinion leaders understand that basic scientists are no less committed to the worldwide battle against H...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Wainberg MA

更新日期：2006-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to characterize the antiviral activity of human TRIM5alpha in more detail human derived indicator cell lines over expressing wild type human TRIM5alpha were generated and challenged with HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses pseudotyped with HIV envelope proteins in comparison to VSV-G pseudotyped particles. HIV envelope p...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Kaumanns P,Hagmann I,Dittmar MT

更新日期：2006-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs play critical role in regulating gene expression. MicroRNA profile of particular cell type bears the signature of cell type specific gene expression. Given that viral pathogens replicate by evading host defenses, research is now focused on the miRNA-regulated genes that critically regulate HIV-1 propagation ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Kumar A

更新日期：2007-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Efficient targeted gene transfer and cell type specific transgene expression are important for the safe and effective expression of transgenes in vivo. Enveloped viral vectors allow insertion of exogenous membrane proteins into their envelopes, which could potentially aid in the targeted transduction of spec...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Ye Z,Harmison GG,Ragheb JA,Schubert M

更新日期：2005-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-1 infects a wide range of CD4+ T cells with different phenotypic properties and differing expression levels of entry coreceptors. We sought to determine the viral tropism of subtype C (C-HIV) Envelope (Env) clones for different CD4+ T cell subsets and whether tropism changes during acute to chronic disea...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Gartner MJ,Gorry PR,Tumpach C,Zhou J,Dantanarayana A,Chang JJ,Angelovich TA,Ellenberg P,Laumaea AE,Nonyane M,Moore PL,Lewin SR,Churchill MJ,Flynn JK,Roche M

更新日期：2020-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HTLV-I associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) carries a dismal prognosis due to chemo-resistance and immuno-compromised micro-environment. The combination of zidovudine and interferon-alpha (IFN) significantly improved survival in ATL. Promising results were reported by adding arsenic trioxide to zi...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Kchour G,Rezaee R,Farid R,Ghantous A,Rafatpanah H,Tarhini M,Kooshyar MM,El Hajj H,Berry F,Mortada M,Nasser R,Shirdel A,Dassouki Z,Ezzedine M,Rahimi H,Ghavamzadeh A,de Thé H,Hermine O,Mahmoudi M,Bazarbachi A

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that CD4(+) T cells play an important role in immunity to infections with retroviruses such as HIV. However, in recent years CD4(+) T cells have been subdivided into several distinct populations that are differentially regulated and perform widely varying functions. Thus, it is important to deli...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Nair S,Bayer W,Ploquin MJ,Kassiotis G,Hasenkrug KJ,Dittmer U

更新日期：2011-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Host SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) suppresses reverse transcription kinetics of HIV-1 in nondividing cells such as macrophages by hydrolyzing and nearly depleting cellular dNTPs, which are the substrates of viral reverse transcriptase (RT). However, unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIVsm enco...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Lenzi GM,Domaoal RA,Kim DH,Schinazi RF,Kim B

更新日期：2014-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:An estimated 90% of all HIV transmissions occur mucosally. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) molecules are important components of mucosal fluids. In a vaccine efficacy study, in which virosomes displaying HIV gp41 antigens protected most rhesus monkeys (RMs) against simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), protection correla...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Zhou M,Ruprecht RM

更新日期：2014-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV-1 capsid influences viral uncoating and nuclear import. Some capsid is detected in the nucleus but it is unclear if it has any function. We reported that the antibiotic Coumermycin-A1 (C-A1) inhibits HIV-1 integration and that a capsid mutation confers resistance to C-A1, suggesting that capsid might aff...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Chen NY,Zhou L,Gane PJ,Opp S,Ball NJ,Nicastro G,Zufferey M,Buffone C,Luban J,Selwood D,Diaz-Griffero F,Taylor I,Fassati A

更新日期：2016-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A key goal for HIV-1 envelope immunogen design is the induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). As AIDS vaccine recipients will not be exposed to strains exactly matching any immunogens due to multiple HIV-1 quasispecies circulating in the human population worldwide, heterologous SHIV chall...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Sholukh AM,Byrareddy SN,Shanmuganathan V,Hemashettar G,Lakhashe SK,Rasmussen RA,Watkins JD,Vyas HK,Thorat S,Brandstoetter T,Mukhtar MM,Yoon JK,Novembre FJ,Villinger F,Landucci G,Forthal DN,Ratcliffe S,Tuero I,Robert-G

更新日期：2014-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of safe and effective combination antiretroviral therapies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection over the past several decades has significantly reduced HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. Additionally, antiretroviral drugs have provided an effective means of protection against HIV trans...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Agarwal Y,Beatty C,Biradar S,Castronova I,Ho S,Melody K,Bility MT

更新日期：2020-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Retroviruses have a diploid genome and recombine at high frequency. Recombinant proviruses can be generated when two genetically different RNA genomes are packaged into the same retroviral particle. It was shown in several studies that recombinant proviruses could be generated in each round of HIV-1 replicat...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Kharytonchyk SA,Kireyeva AI,Osipovich AB,Fomin IK

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Few years after HTLV-1 identification and isolation in humans, STLV-1, its simian counterpart, was discovered. It then became clear that STLV-1 is present almost in all simian species. Subsequent molecular epidemiology studies demonstrated that, apart from HTLV-1 subtype A, all human subtypes have a simian homolog. As...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Jégado B,Kashanchi F,Dutartre H,Mahieux R

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs) selected under treatment with nucleoside analogues generate two distinct genotypic profiles in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT): (i) TAM1: M41L, L210W and T215Y, and (ii) TAM2: D67N, K70R and K219E/Q, and sometimes T215F. Secondary mutations, including thumb...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Betancor G,Garriga C,Puertas MC,Nevot M,Anta L,Blanco JL,Pérez-Elías MJ,de Mendoza C,Martínez MA,Martinez-Picado J,Menéndez-Arias L,Resistance Platform of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (ResRIS).,Iribarren JA,Caballero E,R

更新日期：2012-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment are associated with changes in lipid levels, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated these changes in the first 96 weeks of treatment with low-dose stavudine or tenofovir regimens. METHODS:This is a secondary analysis of a doubl...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Vos AG,Chersich MF,Klipstein-Grobusch K,Zuithoff P,Moorhouse MA,Lalla-Edward ST,Kambugu A,Kumarasamy N,Grobbee DE,Barth RE,Venter WD

更新日期：2018-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:SAMHD1 is an HIV-1 restriction factor in non-dividing monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and resting CD4+ T-cells. Acting as a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase, SAMHD1 hydrolyzes dNTPs and restricts HIV-1 infection in macrophages and resting CD4+ T-cells by decreasing the i...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： St Gelais C,de Silva S,Amie SM,Coleman CM,Hoy H,Hollenbaugh JA,Kim B,Wu L

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage play multiple roles during the infection of primate lentiviruses serving as reservoirs for viral production or as vectors for viral spread to other cells and tissues. The human immunodeficiency type I virus is not only capable of establishing such complex and dynamic relations ...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Cimarelli A

更新日期：2010-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Crocodilians are thought to be hosts to a diverse and divergent complement of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) but a comprehensive investigation is yet to be performed. The recent sequencing of three crocodilian genomes provides an opportunity for a more detailed and accurate representation of the ERV diversit...

journal_title：Retrovirology

authors： Chong AY,Kojima KK,Jurka J,Ray DA,Smit AF,Isberg SR,Gongora J

更新日期：2014-12-12 00:00:00