Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated infants is routine practice in neonatal intensive care. However, this practice is associated with serious complications including lobar collapse, pneumothorax, bradycardia and hypoxemia. Increasing the inspired oxygen immediately prior to suction (preoxygen...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Pritchard M,Flenady V,Woodgate P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Amnioinfusion aims to relieve umbilical cord compression during labour by infusing a liquid into the uterine cavity. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of prophylactic amnioinfusion for oligohydramnios compared with therapeutic amnioinfusion only if fetal heart rate decelerati...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hofmeyr GJ

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Regional anaesthesia may reduce the rate of persistent (chronic) pain after surgery, a frequent and debilitating condition. OBJECTIVES:To compare local anaesthetics and regional anaesthesia versus conventional analgesia for the prevention of persistent pain six or 12 months after surgery. SEARCH METHODS:We...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Andreae MH,Andreae DA

更新日期：2012-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The effective management of fatigue has an important impact on the patient's functioning, abilities, and quality of life. Although a number of strategies have been devised for reducing fatigue, treatment recommen...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Pucci E,Branãs P,D'Amico R,Giuliani G,Solari A,Taus C

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In developing countries, phenobarbitone is commonly used but its use in Europe and the USA has decreased due to concerns over adverse effects. Carbamazepine is recommended as the drug of choice for partial onset seizures, and there is concern that it may worsen some generalized onset seizure types. We report...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Tudur Smith C,Marson AG,Williamson PR

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Work-related upper limb and neck musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most common occupational disorders worldwide. Studies have shown that the percentage of office workers that suffer from MSDs ranges from 20 to 60 per cent. The direct and indirect costs of work-related upper limb MSDs have been ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hoe VC,Urquhart DM,Kelsall HL,Zamri EN,Sim MR

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Geriatric day hospitals provide multi-disciplinary rehabilitation in an outpatient setting. Concern has been expressed that evidence for effectiveness is equivocal and that day hospital care is expensive. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of medical day hospitals for elderly people. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Forster A,Young J,Langhorne P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) has been shown to be strongly associated with poor neurological outcomes and mortality for patients with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, most efforts to treat these injuries focus on controlling the ICP. Hypertonic saline (HTS) is a hyperosmolar therapy th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chen H,Song Z,Dennis JA

更新日期：2019-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 20% of all cases of lung cancer. It tends to disseminate early in the course of its natural history and to grow quickly. Approximately 10% to 18% of patients present with brain metastases (BM) at the time of initial diagnosis, and an additional 40% to ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Reveiz L,Rueda JR,Cardona AF

更新日期：2012-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 2, 2007. Some antiepileptic medicines have a place in the treatment of neuropathic pain (pain due to nerve damage). This updated review adds five new additional studies looking at evidence for Lamotrigine as an effective treatment for acute...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wiffen PJ,Derry S,Moore RA

更新日期：2011-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Actinic keratoses are a skin disease caused by long-term sun exposure, and their lesions have the potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Treatments for actinic keratoses are sought for cosmetic reasons, for the relief of associated symptoms, or for the prevention of skin cancer development. Detec...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gupta AK,Paquet M,Villanueva E,Brintnell W

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Randomized controlled trials have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of beta-blockers to influence perioperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus routine prescription of these drugs in unselected patients remains a controversial issue. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Blessberger H,Kammler J,Domanovits H,Schlager O,Wildner B,Azar D,Schillinger M,Wiesbauer F,Steinwender C

更新日期：2018-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bronchodilators are a central component for treating exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) all over the world. Clinicians often use nebulisers as a mode of delivery, especially in the acute setting, and many patients seem to benefit from them. However, evidence supporting this choice ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Geffen WH,Douma WR,Slebos DJ,Kerstjens HA

更新日期：2016-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with cystic fibrosis experience chronic airway infections as a result of mucus build up within the lungs. Repeated infections often cause lung damage and disease. Airway clearance therapies aim to improve mucus clearance, increase sputum production, and improve airway function. The active cycle of bre...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mckoy NA,Wilson LM,Saldanha IJ,Odelola OA,Robinson KA

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which can lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) may occur and can cause subclinical deficiencies of some of these vitamins. Vitamin K is known to play an important role in both blood coagulation and bone formation. Sup...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Jagannath VA,Fedorowicz Z,Thaker V,Chang AB

更新日期：2011-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anaphylaxis is a serious hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. Adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injectors are recommended as the initial, potentially life-saving treatment of choice for anaphylaxis in the community, but they are not universally available and have limitations in t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sheikh A,Simons FE,Barbour V,Worth A

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is increasing throughout the industrialised world. If left unchecked it will have major implications for both population health and costs to health services. OBJECTIVES:To assess whether health professionals' management or the organisation of care for overweight and obese people could be improved. ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Harvey EL,Glenny A,Kirk SF,Summerbell CD

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Long term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can reduce the duration of immobile off periods and the ne...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Clarke CE,Deane KH

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Drugs can prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting, but their relative efficacies and side effects have not been compared within one systematic review. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by drugs and the development of any side effects....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Carlisle J,Stevenson CA

更新日期：2017-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hallux valgus is classified as an abnormal deviation of the great toe (hallux) towards the midline of the foot. OBJECTIVES:To identify and evaluate the evidence from randomised trials of interventions used to correct hallux valgus. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group tri...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ferrari J,Higgins JP,Prior TD

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Point-of-care (POC) tests for diagnosing schistosomiasis include tests based on circulating antigen detection and urine reagent strip tests. If they had sufficient diagnostic accuracy they could replace conventional microscopy as they provide a quicker answer and are easier to use. OBJECTIVES:To summarise t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ochodo EA,Gopalakrishna G,Spek B,Reitsma JB,van Lieshout L,Polman K,Lamberton P,Bossuyt PM,Leeflang MM

更新日期：2015-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breech presentation is associated with increased complications. Turning a breech baby to head first presentation using external cephalic version (ECV) attempts to reduce the chances of breech presentation at birth, and reduce the adverse effects of breech vaginal birth or caesarean section. Tocolytic drugs a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Cluver C,Hofmeyr GJ,Gyte GM,Sinclair M

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet ASCVD risk factor control and secondary prevention rates remain low. A fixed-dose combination of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet treatments into a single pill, or polypill, has...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bahiru E,de Cates AN,Farr MR,Jarvis MC,Palla M,Rees K,Ebrahim S,Huffman MD

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecystectomy, it is not known if this is due to the patient...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McAlister VC,Davenport E,Renouf E

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cough is a common symptom in patients with malignancies, especially in patients with lung cancer. Cough is not well controlled in clinical practice and clinicians have few management options to treat it. OBJECTIVES:The primary objective of this review was to determine the effectiveness of interventions, bot...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Molassiotis A,Bailey C,Caress A,Brunton L,Smith J

更新日期：2010-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuropathic pain may be caused by nerve damage, and is often followed by changes to the central nervous system. Uncertainty remains regarding the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture treatments for neuropathic pain, despite a number of clinical trials being undertaken. OBJECTIVES:To assess the analgesic ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ju ZY,Wang K,Cui HS,Yao Y,Liu SM,Zhou J,Chen TY,Xia J

更新日期：2017-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine whether alternative agents (e.g. artificial platelet substitutes, platelet-poor plasma, fibrinogen, rFVIIa, thrombopoietin mimetics) are as effective and safe as the use of platelet transfusions for the prevention o...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Estcourt LJ,Gregg R,Stanworth S,Doree C,Trivella M,Murphy MF,Tinmouth A

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevated plasma levels of the amino acid homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinaemia) are associated with narrowing or blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Treatment to lower homocysteine levels has been shown to be both effective and cheap in healthy volunteers. However, the impact of reducing homocysteine l...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Andras A,Stansby G,Hansrani M

更新日期：2013-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vaccines against all stages of the malaria parasite are in development, mainly for Plasmodium falciparum, which causes the most serious form of malaria. Pre-erythrocytic vaccines act to prevent or delay a malaria attack by attacking the sporozoite and liver stages before the parasite reaches the bloodstream....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Graves P,Gelband H

更新日期：2006-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are two reasons to believe antidepressants might help in smoking cessation. First, depression may be a symptom of nicotine withdrawal, and smoking cessation sometimes precipitates depression. Second, smoking appears to be due, in part, to deficits in dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, all of which...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hughes JR,Stead LF,Lancaster T

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00