Abstract:
BACKGROUND:in uganda, control of intestinal schistosomiasis with preventive chemotherapy is typically focused towards treatment of school-aged children; the needs of younger children are presently being investigated as in lakeshore communities very young children can be infected. In the context of future epidemiological monitoring, we sought to compare the detection thresholds of available diagnostic tools for Schistosoma mansoni and estimate a likely age of first infection for these children. METHODS AND FINDINGS:a total of 242 infants and preschool children (134 boys and 108 girls, mean age 2.9 years, minimum 5 months and maximum 5 years) were examined from Bugoigo, a well-known disease endemic village on Lake Albert. Schistosome antigens in urine, eggs in stool and host antibodies to eggs were inspected to reveal a general prevalence of 47.5% (CI(95) 41.1-54.0%), as ascertained by a positive criterion from at least one diagnostic method. Although children as young as 6 months old could be found infected, the average age of infected children was between 3¼-3¾ years, when diagnostic techniques became broadly congruent. CONCLUSION:whilst different assays have particular (dis)advantages, direct detection of eggs in stool was least sensitive having a temporal lag behind antigen and antibody methods. Setting precisely a general age of first infection is problematic but if present Ugandan policies continue, a large proportion of infected children could wait up to 3-4 years before receiving first medication. To better tailor treatment needs for this younger ageclass, we suggest that the circulating cathodic antigen urine dipstick method to be used as an epidemiological indicator.
journal_name
PLoS Negl Trop Disjournal_title
PLoS neglected tropical diseasesauthors
Stothard JR,Sousa-Figueiredo JC,Betson M,Adriko M,Arinaitwe M,Rowell C,Besiyge F,Kabatereine NBdoi
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000938subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-04 00:00:00pages
e938issue
1eissn
1935-2727issn
1935-2735journal_volume
5pub_type
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journal_title:PLoS neglected tropical diseases
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