Abstract:
:Involuntary movements or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Dyskinesia is, ultimately, experienced by the vast majority of the patients. Despite the importance of this problem, little was known about the cause of dyskinesia, a situation that has dramatically evolved in the last few years with a focus upon the molecular and signaling changes induced by chronic levodopa treatment. Departing from this, we here review the progress made in functional anatomy and neuroimaging that have had a tremendous impact on our understanding of the anatomo-functional organization of the basal ganglia in Parkinsonism and dyskinetic states, notably the demonstration that dyskinesia are linked to a pathological processing of limbic and cognitive information.
journal_name
Front Neuroanatjournal_title
Frontiers in neuroanatomyauthors
Barroso-Chinea P,Bezard Edoi
10.3389/fnana.2010.00131subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-14 00:00:00issn
1662-5129journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Ketamine, a known antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartic (NMDA) glutamate receptors, had been used as an anesthetic particularly for pediatric or for cardiac patients. Unfortunately, ketamine has become an abusive drug in many parts of the world while chronic and prolonged usage led to damages of many organs including the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2013.00023
更新日期:2013-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical calretinin (CR)-expressing interneurons represent a heterogeneous subpopulation of about 10-30% of GABAergic interneurons, which altogether total ca. 12-20% of all cortical neurons. In the rodent neocortex, CR cells display different somatodendritic morphologies ranging from bipolar to multipolar but the bipo...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00052
更新日期:2014-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 60 years, the spotlight of research has periodically returned to the cerebellum as new techniques and insights have emerged. Because of its simple homogeneous structure, limited diversity of cell types and characteristic behavioral pathologies, the cerebellum is a natural home for studies of cell specifi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2013.00029
更新日期:2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The reeler mouse has been widely used to study various aspects of cortico- and synaptogenesis, but also as a model for several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In contrast to development, comparably little is known about the neuronal composition and synaptic organization of the adult reeler mouse neocorte...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00080
更新日期:2018-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::How does the size of the glial and neuronal cells that compose brain tissue vary across brain structures and species? Our previous studies indicate that average neuronal size is highly variable, while average glial cell size is more constant. Measuring whole cell sizes in vivo, however, is a daunting task. Here we use...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00127
更新日期:2014-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects about 1.5% of the global population over 65 years of age. A hallmark feature of PD is the degeneration of the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the consequent striatal DA deficiency. Yet, the pathogenesis of PD re...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00155
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Early telencephalic development involves the migration of diverse cell types that can be identified by specific molecular markers. Most prominent among them are Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells that emanate mainly from the cortical hem and to a lesser extent from rostrolateral, septal and caudo-medial regions. One additional ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00097
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gaucher's disease (GD) is the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder. GD is caused by homozygous mutations of the GBA1 gene, which codes for beta-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Although GD primarily affects peripheral tissues, the presence of neurological symptoms has been reported in several GD subtypes. GBA1 mutatio...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00052
更新日期:2018-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Striatal dopamine (DA) denervation results in a significant loss of dendritic spines on medium spiny projection neurons in Parkinson's disease. In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated parkinsonian monkeys, spines contacted either by cortical or thalamic glutamatergic terminals are severely affected on ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2010.00133
更新日期:2010-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an obstetric complication that strongly affects the CNS. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a lipid transmitter system involved in several physiological processes including synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, memory, and mood. Endocannabinoids, and other acylethanolamides (AEs) without endoc...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00141
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the neuropil distribution of the enzymes NADPH diaphorase (NADPH-d) and cytochrome oxidase (CO) in the spinal cord of the agouti, a medium-sized diurnal rodent, together with the distribution pattern and morphometrical characteristics of NADPH-d reactive neurons across different spinal segments. Neuropil ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.05.002.2008
更新日期:2008-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::The neural circuits involved in mediating complex behaviors are being rapidly elucidated using various newly developed and powerful anatomical and molecular techniques, providing insights into the neural basis for anxiety disorders, depression, addiction, and dysfunctional social behaviors. Many of these behaviors and...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00036
更新日期:2016-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Experimentalallergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model for inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease, i.e., multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we investigated the antineuroinflammatory/neuroprotective effects of C16, an ανβ3 integrin-binding peptide, and recombinant rat ciliary neurotrophic fa...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2013.00044
更新日期:2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::The white matter of the central nervous system (CNS) is difficult to represent in anatomy because it is located predominantly "between" other anatomical entities. In a classic presentation, like a cross section of a brain segment, white matter is present and can be labeled adequately. Several appearances of the same e...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00102
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines are micron-sized protrusions that harbor the majority of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. The head of the spine is connected to the dendritic shaft by a 50-400 nm thin membrane tube, called the spine neck, which has been hypothesized to confine biochemical and electric signals within...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00142
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Despite many structural and functional aspects of the brain organization have been extensively studied in neuroscience, we are still far from a clear understanding of the intricate structure-function interactions occurring in the multi-layered brain architecture, where billions of different neurons are involved. Altho...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00137
更新日期:2014-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents a tool, Neuronize, for building realistic three-dimensional models of neuronal cells from the morphological information extracted through computer-aided tracing applications. Neuronize consists of a set of methods designed to build 3D neural meshes that approximate the cell membrane at different re...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2013.00015
更新日期:2013-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is known to cause behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Available data are scarce on the neuromorphological changes in VPA-exposed animals. Here, we focused on alterations of the dopaminergic system, which i...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2020.00029
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::In the olfactory bulb (OB) a sophisticated neuronal network mediates the primary processing of sensory information and extensive investigations over the past decades have greatly improved our understanding of the morphology and neuronal organization of the OB. However, efforts have mostly been focused on the different...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00125
更新日期:2017-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Really interesting new gene (RING) finger protein is a type of zinc-binding motif found in a large family of functionally distinct proteins. RING finger proteins are involved in diverse cellular processes including apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, signal transduction, tumour suppressor, vesicular transport, and pero...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00072
更新日期:2017-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Birds use various vocalizations to communicate with one another, and some are acquired through learning. So far, three families of birds (songbirds, parrots, and hummingbirds) have been identified as having vocal learning ability. Previously, we found that cadherins, a large family of cell-adhesion molecules, show voc...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2011.00028
更新日期:2011-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of mice carrying a deletion of the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR have allowed identifying p75NTR as an important structural regulator of the hippocampus. Most of the previous analyses were done using p75NTR (ExIII) knockout mice which still express the short isoform of p75NTR. To scrutinize the role of p75...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00063
更新日期:2015-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate 3D reconstruction of neurons is vital for applications linking anatomy and physiology. Reconstructions are typically created using Neurolucida after biocytin histology (BH). An alternative inexpensive and fast method is to use freeware such as Neuromantic to reconstruct from fluorescence imaging (FI) stacks a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00065
更新日期:2014-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Imaging entire mouse brains at submicron resolution has historically been a challenging undertaking and largely confined to the province of dedicated atlasing initiatives. This has limited systematic investigations into important areas of neuroscience, such as neural circuits, brain mapping and neurodegeneration. In t...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00031
更新日期:2016-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::The artiodactyl brain has multiple levels of vascular pooling and the rostral epidural rete mirabile (RERM) at its base. The current study is the first of its kind to precisely demonstrate the arterial vasculature of the dromedary brain, utilizing a new casting method with colored latex and epoxy paint. In total, 35 f...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00067
更新日期:2019-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Lateralization of motor control refers to the ability to produce pure unilateral or asymmetric movements. It is required for a variety of coordinated activities, including skilled bimanual tasks and locomotion. Here we discuss the neuroanatomical substrates and pathophysiological underpinnings of lateralized motor out...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00075
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Dendrite and dendritic spine formation are crucial for proper brain function. DISC1-binding zinc finger protein (DBZ) was first identified as a Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia1 (DISC1) binding partner. DBZ is highly expressed in the cerebral cortex of developing and adult rodents and is involved in neurite formation, cell ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00052
更新日期:2015-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Expression patterns of Nkx2.1 and Islet-1 (Isl1), which encode transcription factors that are key in the regionalization of the forebrain, were analyzed by combined immunohistochemical methods in young adult specimens of two lungfishes (Neoceratodus forsteri and Protopterus dolloi) and a urodele amphibian (Pleurodeles...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00042
更新日期:2018-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::The auditory system contains a diverse array of interconnected anatomical structures that mediate the perception of sound. The cochlear nucleus of the hindbrain serves as the initial site of convergence for auditory stimuli, while the inferior colliculus of the midbrain serves as an integration and relay station for a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00067
更新日期:2017-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::A key challenge in cortical neuroscience is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how pyramidal neuron heterogeneity across different areas and species underlies the functional specialization of individual neurons, networks, and areas. Comparative studies have been important in this endeavor, providing data relevan...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00011
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00