Abstract:
:Compelling data demonstrate that inflammation-associated anorexia directly results from the action of pro-inflammatory factors, primarily cytokines and prostaglandins E2, on the nervous system. For instance, the aforementioned pro-inflammatory factors can stimulate the activity of peripheral sensory neurons, and induce their own de novo synthesis and release into the brain parenchyma and cerebrospinal fluid. Ultimately, it results in the mobilization of a specific neural circuit that shuts down appetite. The present article describes the different cell groups and neurotransmitters involved in inflammation-associated anorexia and examines how they interact with neural systems regulating feeding such as the melanocortin system. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying inflammation-associated anorexia will help to develop appetite stimulants for cancer and AIDS patients.
journal_name
Front Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in neuroscienceauthors
Gautron L,Layé Sdoi
10.3389/neuro.23.003.2009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-08 00:00:00pages
59eissn
1662-4548issn
1662-453Xjournal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Silymarin is a bioactive constituent isolated from milk thistle (Silybum marinum). Since its discovery, silymarin has been considered a gold standard drug in treating ailments related to the liver, resulting from alcohol consumption and viral hepatitis. This hepatoprotective nature of silymarin arises out of antioxida...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.538404
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::The sliding-window-based dynamic functional connectivity networks (D-FCNs) derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) are effective methods for diagnosing various neurological diseases, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, traditional D-FCNs are low-order networks based on...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00258
更新日期:2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::A vast literature implicates the ventral striatum in the processing of reward-related information and in mediating the impact of such information on behavior. It is characterized by heterogeneity at the local circuit, connectivity, and functional levels. A tool for dissecting this complex structure that has received r...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00300
更新日期:2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The central control of energy balance involves a highly regulated neuronal network within the hypothalamus and the dorsal vagal complex. In these structures, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are known to reduce meal size and to increase energy expenditure. In addition, leptin, a peripheral signal that relays inform...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00181
更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms that control the frequency and propagation velocity of colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) in mammals are poorly understood. Previous in vitro studies on whole mouse colon have shown that CMMCs occur frequently (~every 1-3 min) when the colon is devoid of all fecal content. Consequently, these stu...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00096
更新日期:2014-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::A simple circuit for cost-benefit decision derived from behavioral and neural studies of the predatory sea-slug Pleurobranchaea may closely resemble that upon which the more complex valuation and decision processes of the social vertebrates are built. The neuronal natures of the pathways in the connectionist model com...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00123
更新日期:2012-08-31 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Cranial irradiation is a common therapy for the treatment of brain tumors, but unfortunately patients suffer from side effects, particularly cognitive impairment, caused by neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Finding a therapeutic agent protecting hippocampal neurons would be beneficial. Fing...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00699
更新日期:2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The comprehension of fluent speech in one's native language requires that listeners integrate the detailed acoustic-phonetic information available in the sound signal with linguistic knowledge. This interplay is especially apparent in the phoneme restoration effect, a phenomenon in which a missing phoneme is "restored...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00134
更新日期:2014-06-04 00:00:00
abstract::The motor neuron degenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) remains one of the most frequently inherited causes of infant mortality. Afflicted patients loose the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene but retain one or more copies of SMN2, a homolog that is incorrectly spliced. Primary treatment strategies for SM...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00325
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an effective therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and is currently under investigation as a treatment for eating disorders. DBS of this area is associated with altered food intake and pharmacological treatment of OCD is associated with the risk ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00226
更新日期:2013-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Postural control during free stance has been frequently interpreted in terms of balancing an inverted pendulum. This even holds, if subjects do not balance their own, but an external body weight. We introduce here a virtual balancing apparatus, which produces torque in the ankle joint as a function of ankle angle rese...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00531
更新日期:2017-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Social memory, including the ability to recognize faces and voices, is essential for social relationships. It has a large heritable component, but the knowledge about the contributing genes is sparse. The genetic variation underlying inter-individual differences in social memory was investigated in an exploratory samp...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00393
更新日期:2015-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to delegate control over repetitive tasks from higher to lower neural centers may be a fundamental innovation in human cognition. Plausibly, the massive neurocomputational challenges associated with the mastery of balance during the evolution of bipedality in proto-humans provided a strong selective advant...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00090
更新日期:2014-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive recollections of a severe traumatic event and hyperarousal following exposure to the event. Human and animal studies have shown that the change of amygdala activity after traumatic stress may contribute to occurrences of some sympto...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00387
更新日期:2018-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::The linearity and stationarity of fMRI time series need to be understood due to their important roles in the choice of approach for brain network analysis. In this paper, we investigated the stationarity and linearity of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) time-series data from the Midnight Scan Club datasets. The degree of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00493
更新日期:2020-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::During the last decades, neuroscientists have increasingly exploited a variety of artificial, de-novo synthesized materials with controlled nano-sized features. For instance, a renewed interest in the development of prostheses or neural interfaces was driven by the availability of novel nanomaterials that enabled the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00953
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::For safe application of exoskeletons in people with spinal cord injury at home or in the community, it is required to have completed an exoskeleton training in which users learn to perform basic and advanced skills. So far, a framework to test exoskeleton skills is lacking. The aim of this study was to develop and tes...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00699
更新日期:2017-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Throughout development, neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to differentiated neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes which together modulate perception, memory, and behavior in the adult nervous system. To understand how NSCs contribute to postnatal/adult brain remodeling and repair after injury, the lateral ventric...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00111
更新日期:2016-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and MAO-B have both been implicated in the pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). We examined 60 autopsied control and AD donor brain samples to determine how well MAO function aligned with two major risk factors for AD, namely sex and APOE ε4 status. MAO-A activity was increased in AD cortic...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00419
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms by which glucocorticoids regulate food intake and resulting body mass in humans are not well-understood. One potential mechanism could involve modulation of reward processing, but human stress models examining effects of glucocorticoids on behavior contain important confounds. Here, we studied individua...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00021
更新日期:2016-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Silver nano-particles (Ag-NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in consumer products as antibacterial agents. The increased use of Ag NP-enhanced products will almost certainly increase environmental silver levels, resulting in increased exposures and the potential for increased adverse reactions including neurotox...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00115
更新日期:2015-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Donepezil is a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, largely used worldwide to alleviate cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Beyond the widely described neuronal impact of donepezil, it was recently shown that targeting connexins, the proteins involved in astrocyte network organization, potentiates donepe...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00835
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Aggressive behavior is associated with dysfunctional frontolimbic emotion regulation circuits. Recent findings suggest serotonin as a primary transmitter for prefrontal amygdala control. However, the association between serotonin levels, amygdala regulation, and aggression is still a matter of debate. Neurobehavioral ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00042
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 589 in vol. 10, PMID: 28066172.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00065
更新日期:2017-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) lesioning is a new treatment for brain disorders. However, the skull is a major barrier of ultrasound sonication in MRgFUS because it has an irregular surface and varies its size and shape among individuals. We recently developed the concept of sku...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.592763
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::While neuromorphic systems may be the ultimate platform for deploying spiking neural networks (SNNs), their distributed nature and optimization for specific types of models makes them unwieldy tools for developing them. Instead, SNN models tend to be developed and simulated on computers or clusters of computers with s...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00941
更新日期:2018-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced societies face increased health problems related to various stresses. Chronic psychological stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders such as depression. Although therapeutic agents reduce several symptoms of depression, most have side effects in a broad range of the population. Furthermore, som...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00072
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with early achalasia presented spontaneous strong rhythmic non-propulsive contractions at ~7/min, independent of swallows. Our aim was to evaluate characteristics of the rhythmic contractions, provide data on the structure of pacemaker cells in the esophagus and discuss a potential role for interstitial cell...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00077
更新日期:2013-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Recent non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in combination with motor training can enhance neuroplasticity and learning. It is reasonable to assume that such neuroplasticity-based interventions constitute a useful rehabilitative tool for patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Regarding motor skill training, many...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00602
更新日期:2019-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The neurodegenerative disorder multiple system atrophy (MSA) is characterized by autonomic failure, cerebellar ataxia and parkinsonism in any combination associated with predominantly oligodendroglial α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates (glial cytoplasmic inclusions = GCIs). To date, there is no effective disease modifying...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00099
更新日期:2016-03-10 00:00:00