Abstract:
:A well-defined granular layer 4 is a defining cytoarchitectonic feature associated with sensory areas of mammalian cerebral cortex, and one with hodological significance: the local axons ascending from cells in thalamorecipient layer 4 and connecting to layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons form a major feedforward excitatory interlaminar projection. Conversely, agranular cortical areas, lacking a distinct layer 4, pose a hodological conundrum: without a laminar basis for the canonical layer 4-->2/3 pathway, what is the basic circuit organization? This review highlights current challenges and prospects for local-circuit electroanatomy and electrophysiology in agranular cortex, focusing on the mouse. Different lines of evidence, drawn primarily from studies of motor areas in frontal cortex in rodents, support the view that synaptic circuits in agranular cortex are organized around prominent descending excitatory layer 2/3-->5 pathways targeting multiple classes of projection neurons.
journal_name
Front Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in neuroscienceauthors
Shepherd GMdoi
10.3389/neuro.01.030.2009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-15 00:00:00pages
337-43issue
3eissn
1662-4548issn
1662-453Xjournal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Self-control exertion on an initial task has been associated with impaired performance on subsequent physical tasks also requiring self-control; an effect suggested to be mediated by changes in perceptions of pain and motivation. However, the effects of spending longer on the initial self-control task are unknown. Thi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.571312
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental stressors including protein malnutrition (PMN) during pre-, neo- and post-natal age have been documented to affect cognitive development and cause increased susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. Most studies have addressed either of the three windows and that does not emulate the clinical conditi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00446
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Persons diagnosed with disorders of consciousness (DOC) typically suffer from motor and cognitive disabilities. Recent research has shown that non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help assess these patients' cognitive functions and command following abilities. 20 DOC patients participated in th...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00294
更新日期:2020-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Intracortical electrodes for brain-machine interfaces rely on intimate contact with tissues for recording signals and stimulating neurons. However, the long-term viability of intracortical electrodes in vivo is poor, with a major contributing factor being the development of a glial scar. In vivo approaches for evaluat...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01349
更新日期:2019-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population worldwide. A growing body of epidemiological studies suggest that people with T2DM are at a higher risk of developing AD. Likewise, AD brains are less capable of glucose uptake from the surroun...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00383
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Ablation of adult neurogenesis in mice has revealed that young adult-born granule cells (abGCs) are required for some of the behavioral responses to antidepressants (ADs), yet the mechanism by which abGCs contribute to AD action remains unknown. During their maturation process, these immature neurons exhibit unique pr...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00242
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptotanshinone (CTN), a monomer compound extracted from the dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, has a variety of pharmacological effects. However, little research has been done on the mechanism of CTN in attenuating neuroinflammation. The present study aimed to investigate whether CTN can ameliorate...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00852
更新日期:2019-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Gene editing is an attractive potential treatment of inherited retinopathies. However, it often relies on endogenous DNA repair. Retinal DNA repair is incompletely characterized in humans and animal models. We investigated recruitment of the double stranded break (DSB) repair complex of γH2AX and 53bp1 in both develop...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00286
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamical systems view of movement generation in motor cortical areas has emerged as an effective way to explain the firing properties of populations of neurons recorded from these regions. Recently, many studies have focused on finding low-dimensional representations of these dynamical systems during voluntary re...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01046
更新日期:2019-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::In healthy older adults, resveratrol supplementation has been shown to improve long-term glucose control, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the hippocampus, and memory function. Here, we aimed to investigate if these beneficial effects extend to individuals at high-risk for dementia, i.e., patients with ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00105
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::In order to characterize the genetic architecture of epilepsy in a pediatric population from the Iberian Peninsula (including the Canary Islands), we conducted targeted exome sequencing of 246 patients with infantile-onset seizures with or without neurodevelopmental delay. We detected 107 variants in 48 different gene...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01135
更新日期:2019-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most severe and yet most poorly understood complications of diabetes mellitus. In vivo imaging of dorsal root ganglia (DRG), a key structure for the understanding of DPN, has been restricted to animal studies. These have shown a correlation of decreased DRG volume with neuropath...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.570744
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The diterpenoid compound, Oridonin, extracted from the Chinese herb, Rabdosia rubescens, possesses multiple biological activities and properties. Oridonin exhibited efficient anti-inflammatory activity by inducing a switch in macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory phenotype through inhibition of the Notch pa...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00272
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Posterior parietal cortex is frequently activated during episodic memory retrieval but its role during retrieval and its interactions with the hippocampus are not yet clear. In this fMRI study, we investigated the neural bases of recognition memory when study repetitions and retrieval goals were manipulated. During en...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.563768
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Although the major causative factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the accumulation of amyloid β and hyperphosphorylated tau, AD can also be caused by metabolic dysfunction. The major clinical symptom of AD is cognitive dysfunction. However, AD is also accompanied by various secondary symptoms such as depression, sl...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.583097
更新日期:2020-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatase cytochrome P450arom (cyp19) is the only enzyme that has the ability to convert androgens into estrogens. Estrogens, which are produced locally in the vertebrate brain play many fundamental roles in neuroendocrine functions, reproductive functions, socio-sexual behaviors, and neurogenesis. Radial glial cells ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00504
更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The thickness of the brain's cortical gray matter (GM) and the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the cerebral white matter (WM) each follow an inverted U-shape trajectory with age. The two measures are positively correlated and may be modulated by common biological mechanisms. We employed four types of genetic a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00120
更新日期:2011-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids highly abundant in the nervous system, and carry most of the sialic acid residues in the brain. Gangliosides are enriched in cell membrane microdomains ("lipid rafts") and play important roles in the modulation of membrane proteins and ion channels, in cell signaling and in the comm...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.572965
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that olfaction is essential for the occurrence of sexual behavior in male goldfish. Sex pheromones from ovulatory females elicit male sexual behavior, chasing, and sperm releasing act. In female goldfish, ovarian prostaglandin F2α (PGF) elicits female sexual behavior, egg releasing act. It has been conside...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00091
更新日期:2014-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::[This retracts the article on p. 303 in vol. 10, PMID: 27445673.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,撤回出版物
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00465
更新日期:2016-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is common in the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases. A pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exerts therapeutic effects on the nervous system, but its specific mechanism associated with excitotoxicity is still unknown. We investigated the role of PEMF exposure in regulating gluta...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00042
更新日期:2017-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's dementia commonly impacts the health of older adults and lacks any preventative therapy. While Alzheimer's dementia risk has a substantial genetic component, the specific molecular mechanisms and neuropathologies triggered by most of the known genetic variants are unclear. Resultantly, they have shown limi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00699
更新日期:2018-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Natural experience can cause complex changes in gene expression in brain centers for cognition and perception, but the mechanisms that link perceptual experience and neurogenomic regulation are not understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have the potential to regulate large gene expression networks, and a previous stud...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00409
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::A novel analytical framework combined fuzzy learning and complex network approaches is proposed for the identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with multichannel scalp-recorded electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. Weighted visibility graph (WVG) algorithm is first applied to transform each channel EEG into network ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00641
更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Intracranial chemical injection (ICI) methods have been used to identify the locations in the brain where feeding behavior can be controlled acutely. Scientists conducting ICI studies often document their injection site locations, thereby leaving kernels of valuable location data for others to use to further character...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00182
更新日期:2013-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The structural organization of cortical areas is not random, with topographic maps commonplace in sensory processing centers. This topographical organization allows optimal wiring between neurons, multimodal sensory integration, and performs input dimensionality reduction. In this work, a model of topographic map form...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00434
更新日期:2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether the categorical perception (CP) of speech might also provide a mechanism that aids its perception in noise. We varied signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) [clear, 0 dB, -5 dB] while listeners classified an acoustic-phonetic continuum (/u/ to /a/). Noise-related changes in behavioral categorization were ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00153
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus has exhibited navigation-related changes in volume and activity after visual deprivation; however, the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes of the hippocampus in the blind remains unknown. In this study, we focused on sub-region-specific rsFC changes of the hippocampus and their associa...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00612
更新日期:2017-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::People generally prefer risky options, which have fully specified outcome probabilities, to ambiguous options, which have unspecified probabilities. This preference, formalized in economics, is strong enough that people will reliably prefer a risky option to an ambiguous option with a greater expected value. Explanati...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00166
更新日期:2010-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::The value of an object acquired by a particular action often determines the motivation to produce that action. Previous studies found neural signals related to the values of different objects or goods in the orbitofrontal cortex, while the values of outcomes expected from different actions are broadly represented in m...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00108
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00