Reference gene selection for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in virus infected cells: SARS corona virus, Yellow fever virus, Human Herpesvirus-6, Camelpox virus and Cytomegalovirus infections.

abstract：:In Pakistan, there are estimated 7-9 million carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a carrier rate of 3-5%. This article reviews the available literature about the prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and genotypes of the HBV in Pakistan by using key words; HBV prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and ge...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Ali M,Idrees M,Ali L,Hussain A,Ur Rehman I,Saleem S,Afzal S,Butt S

更新日期：2011-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is the member of the genus Pestivirus under the family Flaviviridae. The 5' untranslated region (UTR) of CSFV contains the IRES, which is a highly structured element that recruits the translation machinery. The 3' UTR is usually the recognition site of the viral replicase t...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Nadar M,Chan MY,Huang SW,Huang CC,Tseng JT,Tsai CH

更新日期：2011-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Six major Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and hundreds of subtypes have been identified globally. All these genotypes are generally studied for epidemiology, their vaccine development and clinical management. This article comments the frequency distribution of various HCV genotypes circulate in different areas/distr...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Ali A,Ahmed H,Idrees M

更新日期：2010-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mumps virus (MuV) is a highly infectious paramyxovirus closely related to measles virus (MeV). Despite the availability of a mumps vaccine, outbreaks continue to occur and no treatment options are available. Vitamin A and other naturally occurring retinoids inhibit the replication of MeV in vitro. METHODS:A...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Soye KJ,Trottier C,Di Lenardo TZ,Restori KH,Reichman L,Miller WH Jr,Ward BJ

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV expressed in genital secretions provides the inoculum from which transmitting variants are selected, both in sexual transmission and mother-to-infant transmission during partuition. Characterization of HIV levels and genotypes found in vaginal secretions and the impact of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on this viru...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Randolph TC,Kissinger PJ,Clark RA,Lacour N,Amedee AM

更新日期：2008-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Herpesviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that infect and cause recurrent disease in multiple animal species. Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), a member of the alphaherpesvirus family, causes respiratory illness and conjunctivitis, and approximately 80% of domestic cats are latently infected. Oral administration of...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Semenkow SL,Johnson NM,Maggs DJ,Margulies BJ

更新日期：2014-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Here we report the case of a 54-year old, immunocompetent German patient with primary varicella whose Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)-specific T-cell responses could be detected early in infection and before the onset of seroconversion. This case demonstrates that the detection of VZV-specific T-cells may under certain c...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Baiker A,Haase R,Eberle J,Vizoso Pinto MG,Pfrepper KI,Petrich A,Deml L,Campe H,Nitschko H,Jaeger G

更新日期：2010-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:From April 2007 to March 2008, cloacal swabs were obtained from 246 casualty raptors recovered by various wildlife rehabilitation centers in the United States. The swabs were placed in a virus transport medium and transported to the laboratory on ice packs. At the laboratory, the samples were pooled with each pool con...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Goyal SM,Jindal N,Chander Y,Ramakrishnan MA,Redig PT,Sreevatsan S

更新日期：2010-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To understand the prevalence and characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in children in the Weifang area, and to provide information for its prevention and treatment. METHODS:A comprehensive survey was performed from 2009 to 2012 in 7582 children from birth to 6 years of age hospitalized i...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Sun X,Liu Z,Wang B,Shi L,Liang R,Li L,Qian D,Song X

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the main causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). Since December 2010, a large-scale outbreak of diarrhea has been observed in swine farms in China. Accumulated evidence indicates that this large-scale outbreak of diarrhea were caused by highly virulent PE...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Lin H,Chen L,Gao L,Yuan X,Ma Z,Fan H

更新日期：2016-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Panicum streak virus (PanSV; Family Geminiviridae; Genus Mastrevirus) is a close relative of Maize streak virus (MSV), the most serious viral threat to maize production in Africa. PanSV and MSV have the same leafhopper vector species, largely overlapping natural host ranges and similar geographical distribut...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Varsani A,Monjane AL,Donaldson L,Oluwafemi S,Zinga I,Komba EK,Plakoutene D,Mandakombo N,Mboukoulida J,Semballa S,Briddon RW,Markham PG,Lett JM,Lefeuvre P,Rybicki EP,Martin DP

更新日期：2009-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have characterised a new highly divergent geminivirus species, Eragrostis curvula streak virus (ECSV), found infecting a hardy perennial South African wild grass. ECSV represents a new genus-level geminivirus lineage, and has a mixture of features normally associated with other specific geminivirus genera...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Varsani A,Shepherd DN,Dent K,Monjane AL,Rybicki EP,Martin DP

更新日期：2009-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Astroviruses (AstVs) have been reported to infect and cause gastroenteritis in most animal species. Human AstVs were regarded the causative agent of viral diarrhea in children. In dogs, little is known about the epidemiology and clinical significance of AstV infection. FINDINGS:In this study, we collected a...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhou H,Liu L,Li R,Qin Y,Fang Q,Balasubramaniam VR,Wang G,Wei Z,Ouyang K,Huang W,Chen Y

更新日期：2017-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes the prevalence of culture-positive adenovirus serotypes in culture-positive respiratory specimens sent to the Central Public Health Laboratory, Toronto, Ontario, Canada for the period September 2007-June 2008. Total nucleic acid was extracted from virus cultures using an automated extraction metho...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Yeung R,Eshaghi A,Lombos E,Blair J,Mazzulli T,Burton L,Drews SJ

更新日期：2009-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A novel human enterovirus (HEV) type within the species HEV-C, named EV109, was discovered from cases of respiratory illness in Nicaragua in September 2010. The aim of this study, was to retrospectively examine the presence and the role of EV109 in respiratory samples from two patients populations; infants b...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Debiaggi M,Ceresola ER,Sampaolo M,Alessandrino EP,Brerra R,Piazza A,Clementi M,Canducci F

更新日期：2012-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) are significant causes of encephalitis and meningitis in children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, type and viral RNA concentration of EV and HPeV in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples in an unselected cohort of patients <18 years admitted ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Vollbach S,Müller A,Drexler JF,Simon A,Drosten C,Eis-Hübinger AM,Panning M

更新日期：2015-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Local epidemiology of Dengue is defined by the genetic diversity of the circulating Dengue virus (DENV) strains. This important information is not available for the virus strains from most parts of the Indian subcontinent. The present study focused on the genetic diversity of the serotype 3 DENV strains (DEN...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Manakkadan A,Joseph I,Prasanna RR,Kunju RI,Kailas L,Sreekumar E

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:While improved drug regimens have greatly enhanced outcomes for patients with chronic viral infection, antiviral therapy is still not ideal due to drug toxicities, treatment costs, primary drug failure and emergent resistance. New antiviral agents, alternative treatment strategies and a better understanding of viral p...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Sallie R

更新日期：2007-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Marek's disease is a highly contagious disease of poultry characterized by rapid-on set of T-cell lymphomas, which is caused by Marek's disease virus (MDV), but its pathogenic mechanism is still not very clear. Recently, some new progress were achieved in molecular character of MDV. Along with the genomic sequencing o...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Tian M,Zhao Y,Shi M,Lin Y,Zou N,Liu P,Wen X,Cao S,Huang Y

更新日期：2010-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cervical cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. While Romania has the highest incidence of cervical cancer in Europe, the prevalence of HPV has not been evaluated. We report the first data on HPV prevalence and type distribution in Northeast Romania. METHODS:HPV prevalence and genotype distribut...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Ursu RG,Onofriescu M,Nemescu D,Iancu LS

更新日期：2011-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The human polyomavirus BK expresses a 66 amino-acid peptide referred to as agnoprotein. Though mutants lacking agnoprotein are severely reduced in producing infectious virions, the exact function of this peptide remains incompletely understood. To elucidate the function of agnoprotein, we searched for novel ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Gerits N,Johannessen M,Tümmler C,Walquist M,Kostenko S,Snapkov I,van Loon B,Ferrari E,Hübscher U,Moens U

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:hyaluronic acid (HA), a non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan, is present in synovial fluid, vitreous humour serum and many connective tissues. Pharmaceutical preparations of HA are used in clinical practice for wound healing, joint pain, kerato-conjunctivitis, asthma, mouth care, oesophageal-reflux, and gastritis...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Cermelli C,Cuoghi A,Scuri M,Bettua C,Neglia RG,Ardizzoni A,Blasi E,Iannitti T,Palmieri B

更新日期：2011-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Using a murine model of parainfluenza virus infection (mPIV1 or Sendai virus; SeV), we compared the inflammatory responses to lethal and sub-lethal infections in inbred DBA/2 mice. METHODS:Mice were intranasally inoculated with either 1.6×10(3) or 1.6×10(5) infectious units (IU) of SeV or diluent control. C...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Suryadevara M,Bonville CA,Rosenberg HF,Domachowske JB

更新日期：2013-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polyomaviruses (PyVs) have a wide range of hosts, from humans to fish, and their effects on hosts vary. The differences in the infection characteristics of PyV with respect to the host are assumed to be influenced by the biochemical function of the LT-Ag protein, which is related to the cytopathic effect and...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Cho M,Kim H,Son HS

更新日期：2019-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of North American orthopoxviruses in nature is unknown and may be more difficult to ascertain due to wide spread use of vaccinia virus recombinant vaccines in the wild. A real time PCR assay was developed to allow for highly sensitive and specific detection of North American orthopoxvirus DNA in animal ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Gallardo-Romero NF,Velasco-Villa A,Weiss SL,Emerson GL,Carroll DS,Hughes CM,Li Y,Karem KL,Damon IK,Olson VA

更新日期：2011-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed at reseaching the immune effect of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) DNA vaccine containing CpG motif on mice. METHODS:A total of 40 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups which were immunized by 18CpG-pVAX1-ORF2, pVAX1-ORF2, pVAX1 and PBS, respectively, and imm...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Li J,Yu J,Xu S,Shi J,Xu S,Wu X,Fu F,Peng Z,Zhang L,Zheng S,Yuan X,Cong X,Sun W,Cheng K,Du Y,Wu J,Wang J

更新日期：2016-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Data about molecular diversity of commonly circulating type A influenza viruses in Ontario swine are scarce. Yet, this information is essential for surveillance of animal and public health, vaccine updates, and for understanding virus evolution and its large-scale spread. METHODS:The study population consis...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Grgić H,Costa M,Friendship RM,Carman S,Nagy É,Wideman G,Weese S,Poljak Z

更新日期：2014-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Resonant microwave absorption has been proposed in the literature to excite the vibrational states of microorganisms in an attempt to destroy them. But it is extremely difficult to transfer microwave excitation energy to the vibrational energy of microorganisms due to severe absorption of water in this spect...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Tsen KT,Tsen SW,Chang CL,Hung CF,Wu TC,Kiang JG

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem with more than 170 million cases of chronic infections worldwide. There is no protective vaccine currently available for HCV, therefore the development of novel strategy to prevent chronic infection is important. We reported earlier that a re...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Chandra PK,Hazari S,Poat B,Gunduz F,Prabhu R,Liu G,Burioni R,Clementi M,Garry RF,Dash S

更新日期：2010-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The membrane topology and molecular mechanisms for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) non-structural 2 (NS2) protien is unclear. We attempted to elucidate the subcellular localization, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the localization of this protein in ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Guo KK,Tang QH,Zhang YM,Kang K,He L

更新日期：2011-05-18 00:00:00