Abstract:
:Alcohol-induced hypertension is well recognized with clear evidence for a direct pressor effect of chronic alcohol consumption provided by a number of intervention studies in humans. In experimental animals, the effect of alcohol on blood pressure is less consistent; however, in Sprague-Dawley rats, alcohol feeding consistently induces a hypertensive response. The mechanism of alcohol-induced hypertension is not clearly understood. Ethanol is known to induce certain cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, particularly the 2E1 isoform, which has been shown to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) to the 19-hydroxy metabolite (19-HETE), which could have pro-hypertensive activity; CYP4A, by comparison, is the principal AA omega-hydroxylase in the liver. Polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, have been shown to inhibit some CYPs. 2. In this study, we determined the effect of alcohol administration on blood pressure and CYP-dependent AA metabolism in the rat and its possible modulation by red wine polyphenols. 3. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups, which received water, low-dose ethanol (5% v/v) or red wine (diluted to contain 5% ethanol) for a period of 9 weeks. Bodyweight and blood pressure were measured weekly and 24h urine collected at baseline and every 2 weeks. Animals were killed at 9 weeks and blood and tissue samples were collected. The blood pressure of rats fed with alcohol increased significantly over the period of the study compared with controls (P<0.001). The blood pressure of animals fed 5% alcohol in the form of red wine was not significantly different from controls over the study period. The urinary excretion of 20-HETE did not differ significantly among the treatment groups over the study period and there was no effect of any treatment on the metabolism of AA by renal microsomes. Red wine, but not administration of the relatively low dose of alcohol alone, increased the expression of CYP2E1 protein in the liver and kidney and CYP4A in the kidney. Both red wine and alcohol decreased CYP4A protein levels in the liver compared with controls. 4. Our results suggest that constituents of red wine, possibly polyphenols, can attenuate the alcohol-induced rise in blood pressure in the Sprague-Dawley rat, although this effect does not appear to be mediated by the inhibition of CYP-derived AA metabolism.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Cowpland C,Su GM,Murray M,Puddey IB,Croft KDdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04337.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-01 00:00:00pages
183-8issue
3eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681pii
CEPjournal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. Alpha-terpineol is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of several aromatic plant species. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular changes induced by alpha-terpineol in rats. 2. In normotensive rats, administration of alpha-terpineol (1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg, i.v.) ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05383.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The haemodynamic and metabolic effects of oral intake of approximately 30 mg/kg per day N-nitro-L-arginine (NOLA) were examined in sham and adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH, 0.5 mg/kg per day) treated conscious Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 33). 2. NOLA administration produced an increase in systolic blood pressure of 24 +/- ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00403.x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The serotonin transporter (SERT) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients and animal models. Inhibitors of SERT have been reported to attenuate or reverse experimental PAH, which makes them potential therapeutic options for the treatment of PAH in humans. Howev...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05181.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The physiological relevance of cardiac and vascular alpha-adrenoceptors may increase in disease states in which beta-adrenoceptors are altered. To test this, positive inotropic and vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine were measured in isolated tissues from rats with experimentally-induced hyperthyroidism, hyp...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02575.x
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. It is well documented that cisplatin (CDDP) treatment increases the expression of adenosine A(1) receptors in both kidney and testes. However, the effect of adenosine at these receptors is controversial. Adenosine A(1) receptors have been documented to be involved in either cytoprotection or aggravation of nephroto...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04127.x
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The present study was designed to examine the cardiovascular effects of intravenously administered pcDNA3.1AM, a recombinant non-virus vector carrying a rat adrenomedullin (AM) gene translation fragment, in rats with chronic cardiac dysfunction induced by ligation of the left descending coronary artery. 2. Haemodyn...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04678.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a serious complication in thoracic tumour radiotherapy. It often occurs in clinical chest radiotherapy and acute whole-body irradiation (WBI) caused by nuclear accidents or nuclear weapon attack. Some radioprotective agents have been reported to exert protective effects when giv...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13135
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beta-receptor stimulant effects of Sm220Cl, dl-N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl)-2-hydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine, and (-)-isoprenaline have been compared in isolated atrial (beta1) and tracheal (beta2) preparations from guinea-pigs and cats. 2. The compounds were also tested for their ability t...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1977.tb02672.x
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChEase) activity of 15 opioids, namely morphine, nalorphine, oxymorphone, naloxone, naltrexone, N-methylnaloxone, levorphanol, levallophan, dextrorphan, dextrallophan, levo-methadone, dextro-methadone, pethidine, leu-enkephalin and U-50,488H was investigated. Among the opioids, the morp...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00330.x
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors slows the rate of progression of nephropathy in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Paradoxically, however, chronic ACE inhibitor therapy has been reported to be associated with induction of ACE in the plasma. W...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01226.x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Oxidative stress is believed to be an important mediator of neuronal cell death but the precise mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. 2. We have developed an in vitro model of neuronal oxidative stress to study the pathways by which free radicals kill neurones. 3. We have shown that oxidative stress, cystine d...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02006.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This in vivo study tested the hypothesis that the modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by the M1 muscarinic receptor (mAChR) in the neuromuscular junction of disused muscles may affect the tensions of the muscles during the neuromuscular monitoring of a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block and compared the resu...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13012
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an incompletely defined aetiology that is associated with memory and cognitive impairment. Currently available therapeutics only provide temporary assistance with symptoms. In spite of plentiful research in the field and the generation of thousands of studi...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13020
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of L-thyroxine on serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity using a sheep model was examined. Following two weeks of L-thyroxine treatment, the activity of serum angiotensin converting enzyme was increased from 6.92 U/ml to 8.65 U/ml (s.e.m. = 0.40, n = 13, P less than 0.01). Discontinuation of L-thyroxi...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00945.x
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy promotes cell survival or induces apoptosis in cancer cells. While SIRT1 and AMPK induce autophagy in both normal and cancer cells, Akt and mTOR can inhibit it. Calycosin, a methoxyisoflavone, protects against several types of solid tumours including colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms behind the anti...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13133
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between normal serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) and urinary incontinence (IU), urinary infections, and quality of life in old women. Euthyroid post-menopausal women without sarcopenia, estrogen replacement, emotional illness, and/or cancer were enrolled ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12788
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In the present study, we attempted to clarify whether the antidiabetic drug miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, has a protective effect against anginal ischaemia. We had reported previously that miglitol reduces myocardial infarct size through inhibition of glycogenolysis during ischaemia in rabbits. However,...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04269.x
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Total fluid and saline intakes were greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) than in normotensive rats (NTR). 2. Total fluid and saline intake were significantly elevated in prehypertensive SHR, 5 weeks old, compared with age-matched NTR, and the intakes fell with age in both strains but remained considerab...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00172.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate whether enoxaparin (ENX) administration would increase seroma risk and worsen mesh tissue recovery in an experimental rat hernia repair model. Fifty-six adult male Wistar-Albino rats were included in the study. Rats were equally and randomly separated into seven groups: Group 1...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12582
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The present study evaluated changes in autonomic control of the cardiovascular system in conscious rats following blockade of endothelin (ET) receptors with bosentan. 2. Rats were treated with bosentan or vehicle (5% gum arabic) for 7 days by gavage. 3. Baseline heart rate (HR) was higher in the bosentan-treated gr...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.04866.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Rats fed high dietary fructose are documented to form an acquired model of insulin resistance. The present study measured the effects of administration of L-carnitine (CA) on lens protein glycation, oxidative stress and redox homeostasis in rats fed a high-fructose diet. 2. Animals were divided into four groups: (i...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04815.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic inflammation mediated by overactive type 1 helper T cell (Th1) responses could exacerbate and perpetuate Crohn's disease. Programmed death (PD)-1 and its ligand PD-L1 pathway could be upregulated to suppress inflammation. We wondered why this pathway is ineffective at suppressing pathogenic Th1 inflammation...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13127
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate recovery (HRR) describes the rapid deceleration of heart rate after strenuous exercise and is an indicator of parasympathetic tone. A reduction in parasympathetic tone occurs in patients with congestive heart failure, resulting in prolonged HRR. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as pyridostigmine, can e...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12773
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. To facilitate investigation of diverse rodent behaviours in rodents' home cages, we have developed an integrated modular platform, the SmartCage(™) system (AfaSci, Inc. Burlingame, CA, USA), which enables automated neurobehavioural phenotypic analysis and in vivo drug screening in a relatively higher-throughput and...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05719.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The P2X7 receptor is a ligand-gated purinergic receptor activated by extracellular ATP. The receptor is highly expressed in immune cells and in the brain, and, upon activation, the P2X7 receptor allows a cation flux, leading to the distinct activation of intracellular signalling pathways as the secretion of pro-inflam...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13079
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endothelium in mediating the response to acetylcholine in the thoracic aorta and coronary vessels of rats exposed to cigarette smoking. Total serum cholesterol was measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. 2. The relaxation response to acetylcholine was s...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02031.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous measurements of smooth muscle membrane potential and tension were made from isolated pieces of rat tail artery. A single electrical stimulus to the perivascular nerves produced a transient contraction of the smooth muscle. The amplitude of the contraction was increased after removal of the endothelium. Th...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00343.x
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Rats and mice were vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae in different vaccination schedules whereafter blood eosinophils were counted. In rats a single vaccination resulted in a dose-dependent effect on the blood eosinophil count in a pattern comparable with that after Bordetella pertussis vaccination. In a long-t...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1979.tb00018.x
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. This study investigated components of blood pressure variability in elderly subjects with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) using both ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and casual clinic blood pressure measurement. These were then used to determine sample size requirements for clinical trials of differ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00455.x
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Studies using animal experimental models have suggested that the beta2-adrenoceptor is uncoupled in association with alterations in the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRK) 2/3 in heart failure. However, the functional expression of the components of this pathway in human disease has not been full...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03625.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00