Abstract:
:1. Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is an important contributor to tissue damage and has been shown to be attenuated by preconditioning (PC) in some animal models. A recent report has suggested that the forearm can be used for the study of this phenomenon in humans. We aimed to reproduce and further characterize this model. 2. Healthy young adult volunteers (mean (+/-SEM) age 32+/-6 years) were studied on two occasions. During one visit, IR alone was induced by 10 min of upper arm cuff occlusion, whereas on another occasion a PC stimulus (three 3 min cuff inflations) preceded IR. Endothelial function in the ischaemic arm was assessed by measuring arterial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and by calculation of forearm blood flow at baseline and 15 and 60 min after IR. Systemic venous blood was sampled from the non-ischaemic arm at baseline, after PC and at 2, 15 and 30 min after IR to assess neutrophil/leucocyte (CD11b) and platelet (bound glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and fibrinogen) activation, as well as numbers of platelet-leucocyte complexes, which were determined by flow cytometry. Because of a lack of measurable effects, the IR experiment was repeated with 20 min ischaemia in six subjects. 3. Five females and eight males completed the study. Flow-mediated dilatation was significantly impaired 30 min after IR (4.1 vs 6.2% at baseline; P<0.05);however, this was not significantly attenuated by ischaemic PC (FMD reduction at 30 min compared with baseline was 2.1+/-0.5% with IR alone and 2.6+/-1.4% with IR after PC; NS). No significant effect was seen on the number of platelet-leucocyte aggregates or on white cell or platelet activation after IR alone or after IR with PC (P>0.6 for all comparisons). Similar results were obtained in six subjects studied subjected to 20 min ischaemia. 4. In conclusion, in healthy young adults, brief periods of skeletal muscle ischaemia lead to arterial endothelial dysfunction, but no significant platelet or white cell activation. Preconditioning does not attenuate this effect on the endothelium. Further experiments with longer ischaemia times and varying PC stimuli may be necessary to produce measurable effects; however, this may prove difficult in conscious human subjects.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Kilian JG,Nakhla S,Griffith K,Harmer J,Skilton M,Celermajer DSdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04163.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
86-90issue
1-2eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681pii
CEP4163journal_volume
32pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::1. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is frequently infused intravenously as a component of the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Abrupt cessation of GTN infusion after periods of more than 24 h administration often induces rebound vasoconstriction reflecting 'pseudotolerance'; this is also the basis of the 'zero h...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Adrenaline can enhance the stimulation-induced release of transmitter noradrenaline in sympathetically innervated tissues by activating prejunctional beta-adrenoceptors. 2. Adrenaline incorporated into sympathetic transmitter stores by neuronal uptake can be subsequently released as a co-transmitter and can then ac...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1981.tb00750.x
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03318.x
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01056.x
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00339.x
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
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abstract::The activation of inactive renin during incubation of human plasma with puff adder venom at pH 7.4 was found to be a complex process. Gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 indicated that the venom contains a major peak of caseinolytic and renin-activating activity of low molecular weight. This enzyme was a metalloproteina...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb01870.x
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00