Thrombolysis for cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The long-acting bronchodilator tiotropium and single inhaler combination therapy of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta(2)-agonists are both commonly used for maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Combining these treatments, which have different mechanisms of action, may be...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Karner C,Cates CJ

更新日期：2011-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Extracranial internal carotid artery dissection can lead to occlusion of the artery and hence cause an ischemic stroke. It is the underlying stroke mechanism in approximately 2.5% of all strokes, and the second leading cause of stroke in patients younger than 45 years of age. Antithrombotic agents (heparin, ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lyrer P,Engelter S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This review is an update of the first Cochrane publication on selenium for preventing cancer (Dennert 2011).Selenium is a metalloid with both nutritional and toxicological properties. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancers. OBJECTIVE...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Vinceti M,Dennert G,Crespi CM,Zwahlen M,Brinkman M,Zeegers MP,Horneber M,D'Amico R,Del Giovane C

更新日期：2014-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many people with cancer experience moderate to severe pain that requires treatment with strong opioids, such as oxycodone and morphine. Strong opioids are, however, not effective for pain in all people, neither are they well-tolerated by all people. The aim of this review was to assess whether oxycodone is a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Schmidt-Hansen M,Bennett MI,Arnold S,Bromham N,Hilgart JS

更新日期：2017-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Having nurses take on tasks that are typically conducted by doctors (doctor-nurse substitution, a form of 'task-shifting') may help to address doctor shortages and reduce doctors' workload and human resource costs. A Cochrane Review of effectiveness studies suggested that nurse-led care probably leads to sim...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Karimi-Shahanjarini A,Shakibazadeh E,Rashidian A,Hajimiri K,Glenton C,Noyes J,Lewin S,Laurant M,Colvin CJ

更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and is a primary degenerative disease of the brain of unknown cause. Onset is usually late in life with increasing impairment of memory, developing gradually into a global impairment of cognition, orientation, linguistic ability and judgement. The clin...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Birks J S,Melzer D

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Trachoma is a major cause of avoidable blindness. It is responsible for about six million blind people worldwide, mostly in the poor communities of developing countries. One of the major strategies advocated for the control of the disease is the application of various environmental sanitary measures to such ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rabiu M,Alhassan M,Ejere H

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vaginal dilation therapy is advocated after pelvic radiotherapy to prevent stenosis (abnormal narrowing of the vagina), but can be uncomfortable and psychologically distressing. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of different types of vaginal dilation methods offered to women treated by pelvic radi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Miles T,Johnson N

更新日期：2014-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A key component of many asthma management guidelines is the recommendation for patient education and regular medical review. A number of controlled trials have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of asthma education programmes. These programmes improve patient knowledge, but their impact on health ou...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gibson PG,Powell H,Coughlan J,Wilson AJ,Hensley MJ,Abramson M,Bauman A,Walters EH

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Faecal incontinence is a common and potentially distressing disorder of childhood. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of behavioural and/or cognitive interventions for the management of faecal incontinence in children. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Incontinence Group Specialised Trials Register (se...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brazzelli M,Griffiths PV,Cody JD,Tappin D

更新日期：2011-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vitamin B12 deficiency is common and rises with age. Most people with vitamin B12 deficiency are treated in primary care with intramuscular vitamin B12 which is a considerable source of work for health care professionals. Several case control and case series studies have reported equal efficacy of oral admin...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Vidal-Alaball J,Butler CC,Cannings-John R,Goringe A,Hood K,McCaddon A,McDowell I,Papaioannou A

更新日期：2005-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (commonly referred to as chronic bronchitis and emphysema) is a chronic lung condition characterised by the inflammation of airways and irreversible destruction of pulmonary tissue leading to progressively worsening dyspnoea. It is a leading international cause of...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Usmani ZA,Carson KV,Heslop K,Esterman AJ,De Soyza A,Smith BJ

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypertonic solutions are considered to have a greater ability to expand blood volume and thus elevate blood pressure and can be administered as a small volume infusion over a short time period. On the other hand, the use of hypertonic solutions for volume replacement may also have important disadvantages. O...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bunn F,Roberts I,Tasker R,Akpa E

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The risk of maternal mortality and morbidity (particularly postoperative infection) is higher for caesarean section than for vaginal birth. With the increasing rate of caesarean section, it is important that the risks to the mother are minimised as far as possible. This review focuses on different forms and ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hadiati DR,Hakimi M,Nurdiati DS,Ota E

更新日期：2014-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Peanut allergy is one of the most common forms of food allergy encountered in clinical practice.  In most cases, it does not spontaneously resolve; furthermore, it is frequently implicated in acute life-threatening reactions. The current management of peanut allergy centres on meticulous avoidance of peanuts...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Nurmatov U,Venderbosch I,Devereux G,Simons FE,Sheikh A

更新日期：2012-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prolonged labour can lead to increased maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity due to increased risks of maternal exhaustion, postpartum haemorrhage and sepsis, fetal distress and asphyxia and requires early detection and appropriate clinical response. The risks for complications of prolonged labour ar...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rohwer AC,Khondowe O,Young T

更新日期：2013-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids commonly used for fluid resuscitation, yet controversy exists about their impact on kidney function. OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of HES on kidney function compared to other fluid resuscitation therapies in different patient populations. SEARCH STRATE...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dart AB,Mutter TC,Ruth CA,Taback SP

更新日期：2010-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-monitoring of blood glucose is essential to optimise glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems measure interstitial fluid glucose levels to provide semi-continuous information about glucose levels, which identifies fluctuations that would not have been id...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Langendam M,Luijf YM,Hooft L,Devries JH,Mudde AH,Scholten RJ

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) through a central venous catheter (CVC) are exposed to several risks, being a catheter-related infection (CRI) and a CVC lumen thrombosis among the most serious. Standard of care regarding CVCs includes their sealing with heparin lock solutions to prevent catheter lumen...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Arechabala MC,Catoni MI,Claro JC,Rojas NP,Rubio ME,Calvo MA,Letelier LM

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cryptococcal disease remains one of the main causes of death in HIV-positive people who have low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends screening HIV-positive people with low CD4 counts for cryptococcal antigenaemia (CrAg), and treating those...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Awotiwon AA,Johnson S,Rutherford GW,Meintjes G,Eshun-Wilson I

更新日期：2018-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epileptic seizures occur in only a minority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but can have serious consequences. The available literature suggests an association of seizures in MS with cortical and subcortical demyelinating lesions, which suggest that seizures in MS are probably most often symptomati...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Koch MW,Polman SK,Uyttenboogaart M,De Keyser J

更新日期：2009-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED), first described by Ernst Fuchsis in 1910, is a condition in which there is premature degeneration of corneal endothelial cells. When the number of endothelial cells is reduced to a significant degree fluid begins to accumulate within the cornea. As a result the cornea loses...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Nanavaty MA,Shortt AJ

更新日期：2011-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional immaturity of gastrointestinal motility predisposes preterm infants to feeding intolerance. Motilin, a gastrointestinal peptide, stimulates propagative contractile activity during phase III of the migratory motor complex in the interdigestive state. Erythromycin (EM) is a motilin agonist with prok...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ng E,Shah V

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Congenital bleeding disorders can cause obstetric haemorrhage during pregnancy, labour and following delivery. Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is found to be an effective drug which can reduce the risk of haemorrhage and can also stop bleeding in certain congenital bleeding disorders. Its use in pregnancy has b...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Karanth L,Barua A,Kanagasabai S,Nair NS

更新日期：2019-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews on 'Feverfew for preventing migraine' (2004, Issue 1). Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) extract is a herbal remedy, which has been used for preventing attacks of migraine. OBJECTIVES:To systematically ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wider B,Pittler MH,Ernst E

更新日期：2015-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a complex procedure of life support used in severe but potentially reversible respiratory failure in term infants. Although the number of babies eligible for ECMO is small and the use of ECMO invasive and potentially expensive, its benefits may be high. ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mugford M,Elbourne D,Field D

更新日期：2008-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux are both common medical conditions and often co-exist. Studies have shown conflicting results concerning the effects of lower oesophageal acidification as a trigger of asthma. Furthermore, asthma might precipitate gastro-oesophageal reflux. Thus a temporal association bet...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gibson PG,Henry RL,Coughlan JL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adjustment disorders are a frequent cause of sick leave and various interventions have been developed to expedite the return to work (RTW) of individuals on sick leave due to adjustment disorders. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of interventions facilitating RTW for workers with acute or chronic adjustment...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Arends I,Bruinvels DJ,Rebergen DS,Nieuwenhuijsen K,Madan I,Neumeyer-Gromen A,Bültmann U,Verbeek JH

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although conventional colonoscopy is the most sensitive test available for the investigation of the colorectum for polyps, there are data that raise concerns about its sensitivity. Chromoscopy may be one way of enhancing the ability for colonoscopy to detect polyps particularly diminutive flat lesions that m...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brown SR,Baraza W,Hurlstone P

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been i...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Yao Y,Suo T,Andersson R,Cao Y,Wang C,Lu J,Chui E

更新日期：2017-01-08 00:00:00